Best constant in stability of some positive linear operators (Q304015)

Reformulating the property of the Hyers-Ulam stability [\textit{T. Miura} et al., Math. Nachr. 258, 90--96 (2003; Zbl 1039.34054)] leads to consider the following setting. For normed spaces \(A, B\) an operator \(T: A\to B\) is called Hyers-Ulam stable (HUS) if there is some \(K>0\) such that for all \(g\in T(A)\), \(\varepsilon>0\), and \(f\in A\) the estimate \(\| Tf-g\|\leq\varepsilon\) implies the existence of some \(f_0\in A\) such that \(Tf_0=g\) and \(\| f-f_0\|\leq K\varepsilon\). The infimum of all these HUS-constants \(K\) is denoted by \(K_T\). In [\textit{O. Hatori} et al., J. Nonlinear Convex Anal. 5, No. 3, 387--393 (2004; Zbl 1079.39025)] it was proved that \(K_T\) is (the best) HUS-constant for \(T\) provided that \(T\) is a linear HUS operator and that the kernel \(N(T)\) is proximinal, i.e., for all \(f\in A\) there is some \(g\in N(T)\) such that \(\inf_{h\in N(T)}\| f-h\|=\| f-g\|\). The authors consider (a) the situation \(A=B=C[0,1]\) the space of continuous real-valued functions on the interval \([0,1]\) with the supremum norm and for \(0\leq a\leq b\) the Stancu operator \(S_n=S_n^{a,b}\), \(S_nf(x):=\sum_{k=0}^n f\left(\frac{k+a}{n+b}\right)\binom{n}{k} x^k (1-x)^{n-k}\) which for \(a=b=0\) gives the Bernstein operator \(B_n=S_n^{0,0}\). They also consider (b) the space \(R[0,1]\) of Riemann integrable functions on \([0,1]\) with the supremum norm (which is possible since Riemann integrability implies boundedness). The operator here is the Kantorovic operator \(K_n\), \(K_nf(x):=\sum_{k=0}^n a_{nk}\binom{n}{k}x^k(1-x)^{n-k}\), where \(a_{nk}:=\int_{k/(n+1)}^{(k+1)/(n+1)} f(t)dt\). From the authors' earlier paper [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 412, No. 1, 103--108 (2014; Zbl 1308.41026)] it is known that these operators are HUS and that their (common) HUS constant is given by \(\binom{2n}{2\lceil n/2\rceil}/\binom{n}{\lceil n/2\rceil}\). Then it is proved that the kernels of \(S_n\) and \(K_n\) are proximinal. This is done directly since general results on proximinal sets only are available for reflexive spaces. Thus it is also proved that the above expression is the best HUS-constant for the considered operators. Finally, \(C[0,1]\) is considered with the integral norm \(\| f\|_1:=\int_{0}^{1}| f(x)| dx\). It is shown that \(B_n\) is HUS and that any \(K>0\) is an HUS constant for \(B_n\). Since the range of \(B_n\) contains polynomial functions only this shows that \(0=K_{B_n}\) is not a HUS constant for \(B_n\).