New linearization formulae for the products of Chebyshev polynomials of third and fourth kinds (Q309465)

The Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kind can be seen as special cases of the Jacobi polynomials \(P_n^{(\alpha,\beta)}(x)\) where \(\beta=\alpha=-\frac{1}{2}\) and \(\beta=\alpha=\frac{1}{2}\) respectively. In the case \(\beta=-\alpha=\pm\frac{1}{2}\) we obtain the Chebyshev polynomials of the third and fourth kind. In these cases the linearization coefficients are studied; the coefficients of a linearization of the product of two (orthogonal) polynomials. This is done by using the orthogonality of the polynomials leading to formulas in terms of a balanced \({}_4F_3(1)\). Using algorithmic methods such as the algorithms by Zeilberger, Petkovsek and Van Hoeij closed-form formulas for these linearization coefficients are obtained. Special cases lead to nice simple formulas for the squares of the Chebyshev polynomials of the third and fourth kind, which give rise to some nice trigonometric identities. Furthermore some reduction formulas are obtained for certain hypergeometric functions of unit argument such as terminating balanced \({}_4F_3(1)\) series and terminating very well-poised \({}_7F_6(1)\) series.