Extremely strict ideals in Banach spaces (Q321228)

A subspace \(Y\) of a Banach space \(X\) is an ideal if \(Y^\perp\) is the kernel of a norm 1 projection \(P:X^\ast\to X^\ast\). \(P\) is called the ideal projection. \(Y\) may be an ideal in \(X\) under many different ideal projections in general. The study of ideals goes back to \textit{H. Fakhoury} [J. Funct. Anal. 11, 436--452 (1972; Zbl 0252.46023)]; \(PX^\ast\) is isometrically isomorphic to \(Y^\ast\). Sometimes \(PX^\ast \cap B_{X^\ast}\) is weak-star dense in \(B_X^\ast\); in this case, the ideal \(Y\) is called a strict ideal in \(X\). In the paper under review, the author calls a strict ideal extremely strict if \(B_{X^\ast}\) is the weak-star closed convex hull of the extreme points of \(PX^\ast \cap B_{X^\ast}\). Note (Remark 3) that, if \(Y\) is a strict ideal and \(X\) does not contain a copy of \(\ell_1\), then \(Y\) is automatically extremely strict. All the first main results are of the type ``suppose \(Y\) is a strict ideal in \(X\) and something more, then \(Y\) is extremely strict.'' As an example (Proposition 8), if \(Y\) is a strict ideal and \(X\) is the predual of a von Neumann algebra, then \(Y\) is extremely strict. The last two results concern extreme strictness when there is some \(M\)-structure at hand.