Continuous functions on Hausdorff continua (Q321410)

In this paper the authors investigate the question whether given a set \(X\) and a function \(T \: X \to X\) there is an interesting topology on \(X\) which makes \(T\) continuous. For a function \(T \: X \to X\), the relation \(\sim\) on \(X\), defined by \(x \sim y\) if there exist \(m,n \in \omega\) with \(T^m(x) = T^n(y)\), is an equivalence relation, whose equivalence classes are the orbits of \(T\). An orbit \(O\) of \(T\) is an \(n\)-cycle, for some \(n \in \mathbb N\), if there are distinct points \(s_0, \dots , s_{n-1}\) in \(O\) such that \(T(s_{j-1}) = s_j\), where \(j\) is taken modulo \(n\); \(O\) is a \(\mathbb Z\)-orbit if there are distinct points \(\{ s_j : j \in {\mathbb Z} \} \subseteq O\) such that \(T(s_{j-1}) = s_j\) for all \(j \in \mathbb Z\); \(O\) is an \(\mathbb N\)-orbit if it is not a \(\mathbb Z\)-orbit and there are distinct points \(\{ s_j : j \in {\mathbb Z} \} \subseteq O\) such that \(T(s_{j-1}) = s_j\) for all \(j \in \mathbb Z\). \ The orbit spectrum of \(T\) is, then, the sequence \(\sigma(T) = (\nu, \zeta, \sigma_1, \sigma_2, \sigma_3, \dots )\) of cardinals, where \(\nu\) is the number of \(\mathbb N\)-orbits, \(\zeta\) is the number of \(\mathbb Z\)-orbits and \(\sigma_n\) is the number of \(n\)-cycles. A subset \(M\) of \(\omega \) is finitely generated if either \(M=\emptyset \), or there exists \(k>0\) and \(n_{1},n_{2},\ldots ,n_{k}\in M\) such that for every \(j \in M\) there is some \(i\leq k\) where \(n_{i}\) divides \(j\). The orbit spectrum \(\sigma(T)\) is finitely based if \(\{n\in \omega :\sigma _{n}\neq \emptyset \}\) is finitely generated. The main results of the paper are the following. THEOREM. If \(X\) is a set, \(\kappa \) is a cardinal, \(| X| \geq \kappa \geq \mathfrak{c}\) and \(T : X \to X\) is a \(\kappa \)-to-one surjection such that \newline (1) the orbit spectrum of \(T\) is finitely based, and \newline (2) either \(T\) admits a cycle or at least \(\mathfrak{c}\) many orbits, \newline then there is a topology on \(X\) with respect to which \(X\) is compact, connected and Hausdorff, and \(T\) is continuous. THEOREM. Given an infinite sequence of cardinals, \(\sigma(T) = (\nu, \zeta, \sigma_1, \sigma_2, \sigma_3, \dots )\), if there is a map \(T \: X \to X\), where \(X\) is compact and Hausdorff, such that \(\sigma(T) = (\nu, \zeta, \sigma_1, \sigma_2, \sigma_3, \dots )\) and \(\sigma(T)\) is finitely based, then there is a compact connected Hausdorff space \(Y\) and a continuous function \(f \: Y \to Y\) such that \(\sigma(f) = (\nu, \zeta, \sigma_1, \sigma_2, \sigma_3, \dots )\).