The \(p\)-parity conjecture for elliptic curves with a \(p\)-isogeny (Q323736)

Let \(E/K\) be an elliptic curve over a number field \(K.\) The completed \(L\)-series admits a holomorphic continuation \({\Lambda}(E/K, s)\) to the complex plane satisfying the functional equation: \[ \Lambda(E/K, 2-s)= w(E/K){\Lambda}(E/K, s), \] where \(w(E/K)\in \{\pm 1\}\) is the global root number. Let \(\text{rk } E(K) = {\dim}_{\mathbb Q}E(K)\otimes {\mathbb Q}\) be the Mordell-Weil rank of \(E/K.\) The parity conjecture asserts that \[ (-1)^{\text{rk}} E(K)=w(E/K) \] Let \(\text{Sel}_{p^{\infty}}(E/K)=\varinjlim \text{Sel}_{p^{n}}(E/K)\) be the \(p^{\infty}\)-Selmer group. Define \[ \text{rk}_{p} E(K) := {\dim}_{{\mathbb Q}_{p}}\text{Hom}_{{\mathbb Z}_{p}}({\varinjlim}\text{Sel}_{p^n}(E/K), {\mathbb Q}_{p}/{\mathbb Z}_{p})\otimes_{{\mathbb Z}_{p}} {\mathbb Q}_{p} \] to be the \({\mathbb Z}_{p}\)-corank of the group \(\text{Sel}_{p^{\infty}}(E/K).\) One has the following equality \(\text{rk}_{p}(E/K)=\text{rk }E(K)+r_{p}(E/K),\) where \(r_{p}(E/K)\) is the \({\mathbb Z}_{p}\)-corank of the \(p^{\infty}\)-part of the Tate-Shafarevič group. The \(p\)-parity conjecture asserts that \[ (-1)^{\text{rk}}_{p}(E/K)=w(E/K) \] The \(p\)-parity conjecture is known in many special cases. The most general result before the paper under review was the result of \textit{T. Dokchitser} and \textit{V. Dokchitser} which gives an affirmative answer under the following assumptions: \(E\) has a \(p\)-isogeny, defined over \(K\) and either \(p\leq 3\) or \(E\) has semistable reduction at all places of \(K\) above \(p\) [J. Number Theory 128, No. 3, 662--679 (2008; Zbl 1219.11082); J. Reine Angew. Math. 658, 39--64 (2011; Zbl 1314.11041)]. The author proves the \(p\)-parity conjecture assuming only that \(E/K\) has a \(p\)-isogeny. Then he derives numerous interesting corollaries of his result. One of these is the affirmative answer to the \(p\)-parity conjecture for every \(p\) if \(E/K\) has complex multiplication defined over \(K\). The other one is the following. Assume that \(E/K\) has complex multiplication over \(K.\) If the \(p^{\infty}\)-part of the Tate-Shafarevič group is infinite then it contains \(({{\mathbb Q}_{p}}/{{\mathbb Z}_{p}})^2.\)