A proof of Wang-Kooij's conjectures for a cubic Liénard system with a cusp (Q323880)

The paper deals with a cubic Liénard system \[ \dot{x} = y + \mu_1 x^2 + x^3, \quad \dot{y} = \mu_2 x^2 - x^3 , \] with real parameters \(\mu_1\) and \(\mu_2\). It has been used before in several papers to study the viscous flow structures of a three-dimensional system near a planar wall. The origin is a cusp when \(\mu_2 \neq 0\). In [SIAM J. Math. Anal. 23, No. 6, 1609--1622 (1992; Zbl 0767.34016)] \textit{W. Xian} and \textit{R. E. Kooij} proved that the maximum number of limit cycles is \(2\) and stated two conjectures about the curves of the cuspidal loop bifurcation and the double limit cycle bifurcation. This work provides positive answers to both conjectures and further properties of those bifurcation curves such as monotonicity and smoothness. Finally, the authors obtain the complete bifurcation diagram and all phase portraits.