Mixed problems for the two-dimensional heat-conduction equation in anisotropic Hörmander spaces (Q326003)

The author proves well-posedness of the heat equation in two dimensions in anisotropic \(L^2\) based Hörmander spaces. These are Sobolev spaces of variable order in the frequency variables, and will be described since they may not be familiar to most readers. The Sobolev spaces \(W^m_2(\mathbb R^n)\) were most often used by Hörmander via their characterization \[ W^m_2(\mathbb R^n) = H^m(\mathbb R^n) = \{ f:|| \widehat{f}(\xi) (1 + |\xi|^2)^{m/2} ||_2 < \infty \}. \] \noindent For one frequency variable, the author considers \[ \mu(\xi) = (1 + | \xi |^2)^{s/2} \phi((1 + |\xi |^2)^{1/2}), \] \noindent where \(s\) is real and \(\phi\) varies slowly at infinity. For two frequency variables, the anisotropic weight is in general \[ \mu(\xi, \eta ) = (1 + | \xi |^2 + | \eta|^{2 \gamma})^{s/2} \phi((1 + |\xi |^2 + | \eta |^{2 \gamma})^{1/2}), \] \noindent for the full anisotropic space with \(\gamma = 1/2\) for the case of the heat equation, and \[ H^{\mu}(\mathbb R^2) = H^{s, s \gamma, \phi}(\mathbb R^2) = \{ f(x, t):|| \widehat{f}(\xi, \eta) \mu(\xi, \eta) ||_2 < \infty\}. \] \noindent This is a space of smoothness on all of \(\mathbb R^2\). When considering functions defined on an open subset \(V\) of \(\mathbb R^2, H^{\mu}(V) =\{ u | V: u \in H^{\mu}(\mathbb R^2) \} \), normed by \[ || f || = \inf \{ || u || : f = u \text{\;on \;} V \}. \] \noindent The author introduces versions of these spaces on the boundary of a two-dimensional region and gives conditions on the boundary data in Dirichlet and Neumann problems in order for the problems to be well-posed, generalizing results of Lions and Magenes for the case \(\phi \equiv 1\).