The Lyapunov exponent of holomorphic maps (Q328674)

It is known that for a hyperbolic map, the Lyapunov exponent of any critical point is negative. This paper gives converse theorems for maps with only one critical point as follows: {\parindent=7mm \begin{itemize}\item[1.] Let \(f(z)=z^d+c\), where \(d\geq 2\) and \(c\in\mathbb C\). If \(c\) does not belong to the basin of an attracting cycle, then the lowerest Lyapunov exponent of the critical point is non-negative. \item[2.] Let \(E(z)=a e^{z}\), where \(a\in\mathbb C\setminus\{0\}\). If the critical value \(0\) does not belong to the basin of an attracting cycle, then the lowest Lyapunov exponent of \(0\) is non-negative. \item[3.] Let \(f(z)=z^d+c\), where \(d\geq 2\) and \(c\in\mathbb C\). If the Julia set \(J(f)\) of \(f\) has a positive area, then for almost every \(z\in J(f)\), the Lyapunov exponent at this point is zero. \end{itemize}} The method in the paper is quite innovative and the theorems presented here cover cases for which known theorems or techniques do not apply.