Products of commutators in a Lie nilpotent associative algebra (Q330152)

Let \(F\) be a field and \(F\langle X\rangle\) the free unital associative \(F\)-algebra freely generated by a countable set \(X = \{x_1 ,x_2 ,\ldots\}\). Define left-normed commutators recursively \([a_1]=a_1\), and \( [a_1 ,\ldots ,a_ {n-1} ,a_n] = [[a_1 ,\ldots ,a_ {n-1} ],a_ n]\), \(n \geq 2\). For \(n \geq 2\), let \(T^ {(n)}\) be the two-sided ideal in \(F\langle X\rangle \) generated by all commutators \([a_1,\ldots,a_n] \), where \(a_ i\in F\langle X\rangle \). One has the embedding: \( T^{ (m)} T^{ (n)}\subset T^{(m+n-2)}\) for all \(n,m\geq 1\), which was first established in [\textit{V. N. Latyshev}, Sib. Mat. Zh. 6, 1432--1434 (1965; Zbl 0199.07502)] and later [\textit{N. Gupta} and \textit{F. Levin}, J. Algebra 81, 225--231 (1983; Zbl 0514.16024)]. The present paper accounts that this result was reproved again in different papers, and surveys the results on validity of this embedding over \(\mathbb Z\) and fields of characteristic \(2,3\). Also, the authors survey close results. Let \(F\) be a field of characteristic 0. \textit{P. Etingof} et al. conjectured [J. Algebra 321, No. 2, 697--703 (2009; Zbl 1236.16021)] that the stronger embedding \(T^{ (m)} T^{(n)}\subset T^{(m+n-1)}\) holds if and only if \(m\) or \(n\) is odd. The ``if'' direction of the conjecture was confirmed: if at least one of the integers \(m, n\geq 1\) is odd then \(T^{(m)} T^{ (n)}\subset T^{ (m+n-1)}\), the field \(F\) being of characteristic distinct from \(2,3\); see [\textit{A. Bapat} and \textit{D. Jordan}, J. Algebra 373, 299--311 (2013; Zbl 1276.16017)]. The aim of the present paper is to confirm the ``only if'' direction of the conjecture. Theorem. Let \(m = 2m'\), \(n =2n'\) be positive even integers. Then \(T^{ (m)} T^{ (n)}\nsubseteq T^{(m+n-1)}\), the field \(F\) is arbitrary.