Lattice polarized irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds (Q332194)

Mirror symmetry for Calabi-Yau threefolds was first observed in [\textit{P. Candelas} et al., Nucl. Phys., B 359, No. 1, 21--74 (1991; Zbl 1098.32506)], which studied the particular case of the quintic and its mirror. It leads to a map between `mirror' manifolds \(X, \tilde{X}\) that exchanges their Hodge numbers \(h^{1, 1}, h^{2, 1}\). Since then, there have been many extensions to this picture of mirror symmetry, including (among many other developments), an understanding in terms of T-duality by \textit{A. Strominger} et al. [Nucl. Phys., B 479, No. 1--2, 243--259 (1996; Zbl 0896.14024)] and a categorical formulation (homological mirror symmetry) by \textit{M. Kontsevich} [Prog. Math. 120, 97--121 (1994; Zbl 0872.57001)]. One natural extension of mirror symmetry is to generalize the notion of exchanging the complex and Kähler structures that was present in the threefold case to irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds. One such notion of mirror symmetry, giving in particular Arnol'd's strange duality, was introduced for lattice polarized projective \(K3\) surfaces by \textit{I. V. Dolgachev} [J. Math. Sci., New York 81, No. 3, 2599--2630 (1996; Zbl 0890.14024)]. As the author reviews, Dolgachev defines a moduli space of \(K3\) surfaces \(S\) where a specified lattice \(M\) can be primitively embedded in the Picard lattice \(\mathrm{Pic}(S)\). The (non-unique) mirror \(\breve{M}\) is identified via \(M^{\perp}\cap H^{2}(S, \mathbb{Z}) = U(m)\oplus \breve{M}\), \(m\) a positive integer, with \(U(m)\) the standard hyperbolic lattice with rescaled intersection form. The marked deformations of the original \(K3\) are identified with those of the complexified Kähler cone of the mirror: \(K(\breve{M}) = \left\{ x + i y: \langle y, y \rangle >0, \;x, y \in \breve{M}_{\mathbb{R}} \right\}\). The author generalizes this notion of mirror symmetry to lattice polarized irreducible holomorphic symplectic varieties in higher dimension, discussing in detail the example of the Hilbert scheme of \(S\) of 0-dimensional subschemes of length 2. The author proves that for a hyperkähler manifold of type \(L\) (i.e. with \(H^2(X, \mathbb{Z})= L\)) and a primitive embedding \(j: M \subset L\) with \(M\) of signature \((1, t)\), then for a connected component of moduli space of \((M, j)\)-polarized manifolds of type \(L\), the period map restricts surjectively to \(\mathcal{P}_{M, j}: \mathcal{M}^+_{M, j} \rightarrow D_M^+\), where \(D_M^+\) is a symmetric homogeneous domain of type IV in the sense of \textit{V. Gritsenko} et al. [Handbook of moduli. I. Boston, MA: International Press of Boston (2012)]. The author also provides a notion of mirror non-symplectic involutions for manifolds of \(K3^{[2]}\)-type, analogous to that of \textit{C. Voisin} [in: Journées de géométrie algébrique d'Orsay, France, juillet 20-26, 1992. Paris: Société Mathématique de France. 273--323 (1993; Zbl 0818.14014)] -- although involutions of the latter type on \(S\) induce involutions that are not mirror pairs on \(S^{[2]}\). The manuscript is also very clearly written, and nicely delineates the important results in lattice theory and hyperkähler geometry on which the work builds.