The approximation of almost time- and band-limited functions by their expansion in some orthogonal polynomials bases (Q332229)

Observing that the simplest form of the uncertainty principle implies that a signal cannot be simultaneously time- and band-limited, the authors study here almost time- and almost band-limited signals. One approach to compute prolate spheroidal wave functions is to explicitly compute the coefficients of the prolate spheroidal wave functions in terms of a basis of orthogonal polynomials like the Legendre polynomials or the Hermite basis [\textit{A. Bonami} and \textit{A. Karoui}, C. R., Math., Acad. Sci. Paris 352, No. 3, 229--234 (2014; Zbl 1286.42034)]. The authors study here the problem of directly approximating almost time- and band-limited functions by their expansion in the Hermite basis, as well as in other orthonormal bases like the Legendre and Chebyshev bases or more generally in any ultraspherical basis. Thus the quality of approximation in the \(L^2\)-Sobolev space by these orthogonal polynomials bases is also obtained.