Genus expanded cut-and-join operators and generalized Hurwitz numbers (Q335112)

This paper deals with the Hurwitz Enumeration problem. The latter has been studied for more than one century, which has been extensively applied to mathematics and physics. It is an interesting project for mathematic physics, geometry, representation theory, integrable systems, Hodge integral, to mention a few. To distinguish the contributions to the generalized Hurwitz number of the source Riemann surface with different genus, by observing carefully the symplectic surgery and the gluing formulas of the relative GW-invariants, the author defines the genus expanded cut-and-join operators. Moreover all normalized the genus expanded cut-and-join operators with same degree form a differential algebra, which is isomorphic to the central subalgebra of the symmetric group algebra. As an application, he gets some differential equations for the generating functions of the generalized Hurwitz numbers for the source Riemann surface with different genus, thus the generating functions can be expressed in terms of the genus expanded cut-and-join operators. This paper is deeply inspired by \textit{A. Alexandrov} et al. [J. High Energy Phys. 2014, No. 11, Paper No. 080, 30 p. (2014; Zbl 1333.81192); Theor. Math. Phys. 166, No. 1, 1--22 (2011); translation from Teor. Mat. Fiz. 166, No. 1, 3--27 (2011; Zbl 1312.81125); ``Universal algebras of Hurwitz numbers'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:0909.1164}] and [\textit{A. D. Mironov} et al., J. Geom. Phys. 62, No. 2, 148--155 (2012; Zbl 1242.22008)].