A converse to Fortin's lemma in Banach spaces (Q338063)

Let \(a\) be a bounded sesquilinear form on the product \(V\times W\) of two complex Banach spaces. Let \(\{V_h\}_{h\in H}\) and \(\{W_h\}_{h\in H}\) be two sequences of finite-dimensional subspaces of \(V\) and \(W\), respectively, and \(\hat{\alpha}_h=\inf_{v_h\in V_h}\sup_{w_h\in W_h}\frac{|a(v_h,w_h)|}{\|v_h\|\,\|w_h\|}\). Fortin's lemma states that, if there exist a map \(\prod_h: W \to W_h\) and a real number \(\gamma_{\prod_h}>0\) such that \(a(v_h,\prod_hw-w)=0\) for all \((v_h,w)\in V_h\times W\) and \(\gamma_{\prod_h}\|\prod_hw\|\leq \|w\|\) for all \(w\in W\), then the discrete inf-sup condition \(\hat{\alpha}_h>0\) holds. In this paper, the authors first establish a sharp bound on the stability of the right-inverse of surjective operators in Banach spaces. They then prove the converse of Fortin's lemma.