Resonance widths for general Helmholtz resonators with straight neck (Q341477)

The paper is devoted to prove an exponential lower bound of the resonance (i.e. the absolute value of the imaginary part) of the first eigenvalue of a Helmholtz resonator woth straight neck. More precisely, let \(\mathcal{C}, \mathcal{B} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n\) be bounded, \(\overline{\mathcal{C}}\subseteq \mathcal{B}\). Let \(0\in D_1\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{n-1}\) be bounded with smooth boundary, and for \(\varepsilon>0\) let \(D_\varepsilon:=\varepsilon D_1\). Let \(\Omega(\varepsilon)\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n\) be the union of \(\mathcal{C}\), \(\mathbb R^n\setminus \overline{\mathcal{B}}\) and a tube through \(\mathcal{B}\) of length \(L>0\) and cross-section \(D_\varepsilon\) connecting \(\mathcal{C}\) and \(\mathbb{R}^n\setminus \overline{\mathcal{B}}\). Let \(P_\varepsilon\) be the Dirichlet Laplacian on \(\Omega(\varepsilon)\), and for \(\mu>0\) let \(P_\varepsilon(\mu):=U_\mu P_\varepsilon U_\mu^{-1}\), where \(U_\mu \varphi := \varphi(\cdot+i\mu f(\cdot))\) for some appropriate \(f\in C^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n;\mathbb{R}^n)\), and \(\rho(\varepsilon)\) an eigenvalue of \(P_\varepsilon(\mu)\). Then the main Theorem 2.2 shows that for all \(\delta>0\) there exists \(C_\delta>0\) such that for sufficiently small \(\varepsilon>0\) one has \[ |\mathrm{Im} \rho(\varepsilon)|\geq \frac{1}{C_\delta} e^{-2\alpha_0 (1+\delta)L/\varepsilon}. \] The proof relies on Carleman estimates combined with the results in [the last author and \textit{L. Nédélec}, Ann. Henri Poincaré 17, No. 3, 645--672 (2016; Zbl 1337.35027)].