On the Wiener norm of subsets of \(\mathbb{Z}_p\) of medium size (Q341713)

The authors consider complex-valued functions on the group \(G=\mathbb Z/p\mathbb Z\) where \(p\) is a prime number; in the paper, the group \(G\) is denoted \(\mathbb Z_p\), but \(G\) is not the group of \(p\)-adic integers. The Wiener norm of a function \(f:\;G\to \mathbb C\) is defined as the \(l^1\)-norm of its Fourier transform. The paper is devoted to lower estimates for the Wiener norm of the characteristic function of a finite subset \(A\subset G\), in the case where \[ \exp ((\log p/\log \log p)^{1/3})\leq |A|\leq p/3. \] For other cases see \textit{S. V. Konyagin} and \textit{I. D. Shkredov} [Funct. Anal. Appl. 49, No. 2, 110--121 (2015; Zbl 1326.42005)]. The technique is based on the methods of additive combinatorics.