A trace formula for non-unitary representations of a uniform lattice (Q343654)

Let \(G\) be a connected semisimple Lie group with finite center, \(K\) a maximal compact subgroup in \(G\) and \(\Gamma\) a uniform lattice in \(G\). Fix a finite dimensional complex representation \((\chi,V_\chi)\) of \(\Gamma\), and let \(E\) be the associated vector bundle over \(X:=\Gamma\backslash G\). The space \(\Gamma^\infty(X,E)\) of smooth sections identifies with the space of \(V_\chi\)-valued functions \[ C^\infty(G,V_\chi)^\Gamma=\{f\in C^\infty(G,V_\chi)\mid f(\gamma g)=\chi(\gamma)f(g),\;\;\forall \gamma\in\Gamma, g\in G\}. \] From any smooth Hermitian metric on \(E\), one gets a smooth Hermitian \(K\)-equivariant fibre metric on \(E\) which induces a pre-Hilbert space structure on \(\Gamma^\infty(X,E)\). Write \(L^2(X,E)\) for the (completed) Hilbert space of square integrable sections. The right translations \(R\) of \(G\) on \(L^2(X,E)\) define a continous \(G\)-representation. The authors first show that the representation \((R,L^2(X,E))\) admits an increasing filtration of subrepresentations (Proposition 1.20): \[ \{0\}=V_0\subset V_1\subset\cdots\subset\bigcup_{i=0}^\infty V_i=L^2(X,E). \] On the other hand, let \(C_c^\infty (G)\) be the space of smooth compactly supported functions on \(G\). For \(f\in C_c^\infty (G)\), write \(R(f)\) for the operator on \(L^2(X,E)\) defined by \[ R(f)=\int_G f(g)R(g)\,dg. \] If \(\gamma\in\Gamma\), denote by \([\gamma]\) its conjugacy class in \(\Gamma\), \(\Gamma_\gamma\) its centralizer in \(\Gamma\) and \(G_\gamma\) its centralizer in \(G\). In particular, the orbital integral \({\mathcal O}_\gamma (f)\) of \(f\in C_c^\infty (G)\) is defined by \[ {\mathcal O}_\gamma (f)=\int_{G_\gamma\backslash G}f(x^{-1}\gamma x)\,dx. \] For \(\pi\in\widehat{G}_{\mathrm{adm}}\) an irreducible admissible representation of \(G\) (modulo infinitesimal equivalence), write \(N_{\Gamma,\chi}(\pi)\) for the multiplicity of \(\pi\) in \(\widehat{\bigoplus}_{i=0}^\infty V_i/V_{i-1}\). The main result proved in the paper under review is the following trace formula (Theorem 1.24): For \(f\in C_c^\infty (G)\), the operator \(R(f)\) on \(L^2(X,E)\) is an integral operator with integral kernel \[ k_f(x,y)=\sum_{\gamma\in\Gamma}f(x^{-1}\gamma x)\chi(\gamma). \] Moreover \(R(f)\) is of trace class and one has \[ \sum_{[\gamma]}\text{vol}(\Gamma_\gamma\backslash G_\gamma){\mathcal O}_\gamma(f)\text{tr}(\chi(\gamma))=\sum_{\pi\in\widehat{G}_{\mathrm{adm}}}N_{\Gamma,\chi}(\pi)\text{tr}(\pi(f)). \] Theorem 2.1 generalizes this trace formula to the case of totally disconnected compact groups.