On oscillation of solutions of second-order nonlinear difference equations (Q354836)

The authors consider the difference equation \[ \Delta^2 u(k)+p(k)|u(\sigma(k))|^\lambda\mathrm{sgn}\,u(\sigma(k))=0, \] where \(0<\lambda<1\), \(p:\mathbb{N}\to[0,\infty)\), and \(\sigma:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}\) with \(\sigma(k)\geq k+1\). Ii is assumed \(\sum_{k=1}^\infty kp(k)=\infty\). Various conditions which guarantee oscillation of all solutions to the difference equation are established. One of them reads as follows: \[ \sum_{k=1}^\infty k^{\lambda-\zeta}\rho_s^\zeta(\sigma(k))p(k)=\infty \] for some \(\zeta\in[0,\lambda]\) and \(s\in\mathbb{N}\), where \[ \rho_1(k)=\left((1-\lambda)\sum_{i=1}^k\left(\sum_{j=i}^\infty p(j)\right)\right)^{1/(1-\lambda)} \] and \[ \rho_l(k)=\sum_{i=1}^k\left(\sum_{j=i}^\infty p(j)\rho_{l-1}^\lambda(\sigma(j))\right), \] \(l=2,3,\dots\).