Isoperimetric and Weingarten surfaces in the Schwarzschild manifold (Q355069)

For a long time, surfaces of constant mean curvature have been studied due to their applications in general relativity. Recently, the mean curvature of a hypersurface has been replaced by other functions of the principal curvatures, more explicitly, the \(p\)-th elementary symmetric polynomial in the principal curvatures denoted by \(\sigma_p\). Some part of the paper under review is devoted to this kind of study. More precisely, in the current paper it is proved that if a closed embedded hypersurface in the de Sitter-Schwarzschild manifold is star-shaped, convex and has constant Weingarten curvature (or \(\sigma_p\) is constant), then it is a sphere of symmetry whereas the same conclusion is obtained by assuming the closed embedded hypersurface in the de Sitter-Schwarzschild manifold has constant mean curvature in [the first author, Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 117, 247--269 (2013; Zbl 1273.53052)]. Moreover, the authors consider the doubled Schwarzschild manifold and establish the existence of an isoperimetric surface for arbitrary values of the enclosed volume. They also describe the large volume isoperimetric regions in the doubled Schwarzschild manifold by essentially using [the second author and \textit{J. Metzger}, J. Differ. Geom. 94, No. 1, 159--186 (2013; Zbl 1269.53071); Invent. Math. 194, No. 3, 591--630 (2013; Zbl 1297.49078)]. This part of the paper can be considered as a complementary study of [\textit{H. L. Bray}, The Penrose inequality in general relativity and volume comparison theorems involving scalar curvature. Stanford: Stanford University (PhD thesis) (1997), \url{arXiv:0902.3241}].