\(G_2\)-congruence theorem for curves in purely imaginary octonions and its application (Q357828)

As is well known, the orientation preserving isometry group of an \(n\)-di\-mensional Euclidean space \({\mathbf E}^n\) is the semi-direct product \(\mathbb R^n \rtimes\mathrm{SO}(n)\). Two regular curves \(\gamma\) and \(\tilde{\gamma}\) in \({\mathbf E}^n\) are called congruent to each other if there exists \((a, g) \in \mathbb R^n \rtimes\mathrm{SO}(n)\) such that \(\tilde{\gamma} = g \circ \gamma + a\). For \(n=8\) one can consider an additional geometry, the exceptional simple Lie group \(G_2\) which is a Lie subgroup of \(\mathrm{SO}(7)\) and the automorphism group of the octonions. Since there is a natural representation of \(G_2\) in the endomorphism group of \(\text{Im}{\mathfrak C}\) (the set of purely imaginary octonions), we have a \(G_2\) geometry which is a subgeometry of \(\mathbb R^7 \rtimes\mathrm{SO}(7)\). In this paper, the author discusses the following issues: {\parindent=0.5cm\begin{itemize}\item[1)] Determine the complete invariants of curves in \(\text{Im} \, {\mathfrak C}\). \item[2)] Prove a \(G_2\)-congruence theorem of curves in \(\text{Im} \, {\mathfrak C}\). \item[3)] Give a method of calculation of complete \(G_2\)-invariants of curves in \(\text{Im} \, {\mathfrak C}\) from their standard Frenet-Serret formula. \item[4)] Give examples of pairs of curves which are \(\mathrm{SO}(7)\)-congruent to each other but not \(G_2\)-congruent. \item[5)] Give the complete \(G_2\)-invariants of helices in \(7\)-dimensional space. \end{itemize}}