Tensor invariants for certain subgroups of the orthogonal group (Q364700)

Let \(V\) be an \(n\)-dimensional vector space over a field \({\mathbb{F}}\) of characteristic zero and let \(O_{n}({\mathbb{F}})\) be the orthogonal group. \textit{B. Szegedy} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 20, No. 4, 969--988 (2007; Zbl 1123.05089)] asked for a characterization of the rank of the \(k\)-edge connection matrices of \({ \mathbb{R}}\)-valued \(n\)-color vertex models. This question was answered by the second author [Eur. J. Comb. 33, No. 6, 1167--1173 (2012; Zbl 1243.05155)]. In the present paper, the generalization of Szegedy's question [loc. cit.] to arbitrary algebraically closed fields \({\mathbb{F}}\) of characteristic zero is considered (i.e for \({\mathbb{F}}\)-valued \(n\)-color vertex models). The answer is given in terms of a dimension of the subspace \((V^{\otimes k})^{H}\) of tensors in \(V^{\otimes k}\) invariant under a certain subgroup \(H\) of the orthogonal group \(O_{n}({\mathbb{F}})\). Moreover, a combinatorial parametrization of tensors in \((V^{\otimes k})^{H}\) is represented. The proof is based on the \({\mathbb{F}}\)-variant of \textit{A. Schrijver}'s result [J. Algebra 319, No. 3, 1305--1319 (2008; Zbl 1194.13005)], characterizing which subalgebras of the tensor algebra \(T(V)\) over \({\mathbb{F}}={\mathbb{R}}\) arise as invariant algebras \(T(V)^{H}\) of subgroups of the real (compact) orthogonal group \(O_{n}({\mathbb{R}})\).