On the weak-Lefschetz property for Artinian Gorenstein algebras (Q369361)

Let \(k\) be a field of characteristic zero and \(R=k[x_1,\dots, x_r]\) be the polynomial ring in \(r\) variables over \(k\). Let \(A=R/I\) be a graded Artinian algebra and \(l \in R\) a general linear form.~The Artinian algebra \(A\) has the Weak Lefschetz property (WLP) if the homomorphism induced by multiplication by \(l\): \[ \times l:A_i \to A_{i+1} \] has maximal rank for all \(i\). Several work have been done studying the WLP and applying it; an overview of the known results can be found in [\textit{J. Migliore} and \textit{U. Nagel}, ``A tour of the weak and strong Lefschetz properties'', \url{arxiv:1109.5718}]. The motivation behind this area was a theorem of \textit{R. P. Stanley} [SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods 1, 168--184 (1980; Zbl 0502.05004)] which was afterwards reproved by others [\textit{J. Herzog} and \textit{D. Popescu}, ``The strong Lefschetz property and simple extensions'', \url{arXiv:math/0506537}; \textit{L. Reid} et al., Can. Math. Bull. 34, No. 4, 525--535 (1991; Zbl 0757.13005); \textit{J. Watanabe}, in: Commutative algebra and combinatorics, US-Jap. Joint Semin., Kyoto/Jap. 1985, Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 11, 303--312 (1987; Zbl 0648.13010)]. It is well known that in codimension \(2\), the Artinian algebra \(A\) has the WLP. In codimension \(3\), \textit{T. Harima} et al. [J. Algebra. 262, No. 1, 99--126 (2003; Zbl 1018.13001)] proved that Artinian complete intersections have the WLP. However, not all Artinian algebras of codimension \(3\) enjoy the WLP [\textit{H.~Brenner} and \textit{A.~Kaid}, Ill. J. Math. 51, No. 4, 1299--1308 (2007; Zbl 1148.13007)]. The next best class after complete intersections is the study of Gorenstein Artinian algebras. The question whether Gorenstein Artinian algebras of codimension \(3\) have the WLP remains unknown. There are some partial results on this, for instance see [\textit{J.~Migliore} and \textit{F.~Zanello}, Ill. J. Math. 52, No. 4, 1417--1433 (2008; Zbl 1178.13011)]. The authors of the present paper investigate the WLP of Gorenstein Artinian algebras of codimension \(3\).~They give conditions on a Gorenstein sequence \(H\) of codimension \(3\) that force the WLP for every Gorenstein Artinian algebra with Hilbert function \(H\) (Proposition \(2.3\)). Their result differs from that of \textit{T.~Harima} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 123, No. 12, 3631--3638 (1995; Zbl 0857.13013)] who gives a characterization of the Hilbert function \(H\) for which there exists a Gorenstein Artinian algebra having Hilbert function \(H\) and enjoying the WLP. Further they prove results connecting the WLP and the Betti sequences of Gorenstein Artinian algebras of codimension \(3\) (Theorem \(2.5\), Corollaries \(2.6,2.7\) and \(2.11\)). Their main result in that direction, is proving the existence of a Betti sequence \(\beta_0\) for every Gorenstein sequence \(H\) of codimension 3, that is compatible with \(H\) and such that every Gorenstein Artinian algebra with betti sequence \(\beta \geq \beta_0\) and Hilbert function \(H\), has the WLP.