Homoclinic orbits for a class of nonperiodic Hamiltonian systems with some twisted conditions (Q370072)

The authors consider the following first-order Hamiltonian system NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \dot{z}=JH_{z}(t,z).\tag{1}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE In [Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré, Anal. Non Linéaire 24, No. 4, 589--603 (2007; Zbl 1202.37081)] \textit{C.-N. Chen} and \textit{X. Hu} established the Maslov index for homoclinic orbits of Hamiltonian systems. For system (1) with a kind of twist condition, \textit{Z. Liu} et al. [Adv. Math. 218, No. 6, 1895--1913 (2008; Zbl 1144.37027)] obtained the existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions. Motivated by these two papers and previous works, in this paper, the authors make use of the Maslov index theory for homoclinic orbits of Hamiltonian systems to obtain the existence and multiplicity for the system (1) without periodic condition. The results in this paper are different from those in [\textit{Y. Ding} and \textit{S. Li}, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 189, No. 2, 585--601 (1995; Zbl 0818.34023); \textit{Y. Ding} and \textit{C. Lee}, J. Differ. Equations 246, No. 7, 2829--2848 (2009; Zbl 1162.70014); \textit{J. Sun} et al., J. Math. Anal. Appl. 378, No. 1, 117--127 (2011; Zbl 1218.37081)] and an example is given to show this difference.