Multiplier sequences for generalized Laguerre bases (Q370848)

Let \(Q=\{q_k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\) be a basis for the polynomial ring \(\mathbb R[x].\) Given a sequence of real numbers \(\{\gamma_k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\), one can define a linear operator \(T\) by declaring \(T[q_k(x)]=\gamma _k q_k(x)\) for all \(k=0,1,2, \dots\). The authors call \(\{q_k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\) a \(Q\)-multiplier sequence if \(T[p]\) has only real zeros whenever \(p\) has only real zeros. In this paper the authors consider the system of the generalized Laguerre polynomials \(L_n^{(\alpha)}(x)=\sum_{k=0}^{n} {{n+\alpha}\choose{n-k}} \frac{(-x)^k}{k!}\) (\(\alpha> -1;\) \(n=0,1,2,\dots\)) as a basis \(Q.\) They use the terminology \(L^{(\alpha)}\)-multiplier sequence for the corresponding \(Q\)-multiplier sequence \(\{\gamma_k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}.\) They show that the geometric sequence \(\{r^k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\) is an \(L^{(\alpha)}\)-multiplier sequence if and only if \(r=1.\) Another of their theorems states that the linear sequence \(\{k+\alpha\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\) is an \(L^{(\alpha)}\)-multiplier sequence if and only if \(0 \leq a \leq \alpha+1.\) They establish that for any natural number \(n,\) the falling factorial sequence \(\left\{ \frac{\Gamma(k+1)}{\Gamma(k-n+1)} \right \}_{k=0}^{\infty}\) is an \(L^{(\alpha)}\)-multiplier sequence. The authors find out that any non-trivial \(L^{(\alpha)}\)-multiplier sequence is non-decreasing. They also prove that the set of \(L^{(\alpha)}\)-multiplier sequences is a proper subset of the set of multiplier sequences for the Hermite polynomials \(H_n(x)=(-1)^n e^{x^2} D^n e^{-x^2}.\)