Twist points of a Jordan domain (Q370863)

For a bounded Jordan domain \(D\) with boundary \(J\), let \(f(z):\mathbb D\to D\), \(\mathbb D=\{z:|z|<1\}\), be a one-to-one conformal map extended to a homeomorphism of the closure of \(\mathbb D\) onto \(D\cup J\). A subset \(N\subset J\) is said to be a \(D\)-conformal null set if \(\{e^{i\theta}:f(e^{i\theta})\in N\}\) has measure zero. This definition is independent of \(f\). Let \(R\) be the set of those \(a\in J\) such that NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\liminf_{D\ni w\to a}\arg(w-a)=-\infty\;\;\text{and}\;\; \limsup_{D\ni w\to a}\arg(w-a)=+\infty,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(\arg(w-a)\) is defined and continuous in \(D\). The set \(R\) is called the ``set of twist points of \(D\)''. The main results of the paper are given in the following theorems.NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1. Let \(S\) be any subset of \(R\). Except for a \(D\)-conformal null subset of \(S\), each \(a\in S\) has the property that, for any \(v\in[0,2\pi)\), there exists a sequence \(\{w_n\}\subset S\) tending to \(a\) and satisfying NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\arg(w_n-a)\mod2\pi\to v\;\;\text{as}\;\;n\to\infty.NEWLINE\]NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINETheorem 2. Except for a \(D\)-conformal null subset of \(R\), for each \(a\in R\) there exists an \(\eta(a)\), \(0\leq\eta(a)<\pi\), such that, for any line through \(a\) whose argument with the real axis is \(v\in[0,\pi)\setminus\{\eta(a)\}\), and any pair of sequences \(\{w_n'\}\subset J\) and \(\{w_n''\}\subset J\), tending to \(a\) and satisfying \(\arg(w_n'-a)\mod2\pi\to v\) and \(\arg(w_n''-a)\mod2\pi\to v+\pi\), NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\text{either}\;\lim_{n\to\infty}\inf\frac{|w'_{n+1}-a|} {|w'_n-a|}=0\;\text{or}\;\lim_{n\to\infty}\inf\frac{|w''_{n+1}-a|}{|w''_n-a|}=0.NEWLINE\]