An equivariant main conjecture in Iwasawa theory and the Coates-Sinnott conjecture (Q374014)

The Equivariant (non commutative) Iwasawa Main Conjecture (EMC for short) for \(p\)-adic Lie extensions \(E_\infty/F\) of a totally real field \(F\) has been proved recently and independently by \textit{J. Ritter} and \textit{A. Weiss} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 24, No. 4, 1015--1050 (2011; Zbl 1228.11165)] and by Kakde [\url{arXiv : 1008.0142v3, 2010}] for \(p \not= 2\) and assuming that ``\(\mu = 0\)''. The main step consists in the case where \(G_\infty = \text{Gal} (E_\infty/F)\) has Lie dimension equal to 1. In this case, the commutative EMC (when \(G_\infty\) is abelian) had been proved much earlier by \textit{J. Ritter} and \textit{A. Weiss} [Manuscr. Math. 109, No. 2, 131--146 (2002; Zbl 1014.11066)] as a consequence of the classical Iwasawa Main Conjecture (= Wiles' theorem). Let us recall the setting : \(E/F\) is a finite abelian extension of totally real fields, \(F_\infty\) and \(E_\infty\) are the cyclotomic \({\mathbb Z}_p\)-extensions of \(F\) and \(E,\) \(H = \text{Gal} (E_\infty/F_\infty),\) \(G_\infty = \text{Gal} (E_\infty/F),\) \({\mathbb A} = {\mathbb Z}_p [[G_\infty]].\) Let \(S\) be a finite set of primes of \(F\) containing the infinite primes, the \(p\)-primes, and the ramified primes in \(E/F.\) The usual algebraic object \({\mathfrak X}_\infty = {\mathfrak X}^S_\infty\) is the Galois group over \(E_\infty\) of the maximal abelian pro-\(p\)-extension of \(E_\infty\) which is unramified outside \(S.\) The analytical object is \(G_S := \displaystyle\sum_{\psi \in \widehat H} \, G_{\psi, S} (\lambda - 1) \ldotp e_\psi,\) where \(e_\psi\) is the idempotent attached to the character \(\psi\) of \(H,\) \(G_{\psi, S} (\ldotp)\) is the classical Deligne-Ribet power series, \(\gamma\) a topological generator of a subgroup \(\Gamma\) of \(G_\infty\) such that \(G_\infty = H \times \Gamma.\) Starting from \({\mathfrak X}_\infty,\) Ritter and Weiss (op. cit.) construct a certain \({\mathbb A}\)-module \({\mathcal Z}_\infty\) which is \({\mathbb A}\)-torsion and has \({\mathbb A}\)-projective dimension at most 1. One version of their commutative EMC for \(p \not= 2,\) is that \(\text{Fitt}_{\mathbb A} ({\mathcal Z}_\infty) = (c_\infty G_S),\) where \(\text{Fitt}_{\mathbb A} (\ldotp)\) denotes the initial Fitting ideal and \(c_\infty\) is a certain invertible element of the total ring of fractions of \({\mathbb A}\) which enters the construction of \({\mathcal Z}_\infty.\) They proved this EMC modulo the vanishing of the \(\mu\)-invariant of \({\mathfrak X}_\infty,\) by using Wiles' theorem and localization arguments (op. cit.). \smallskip\noindent In the present paper, the author proposes a commutative EMC for \(p = 2\) in the same setting, replacing \({\mathfrak X}^S_\infty\) by \({\mathfrak X}^{S_f}_\infty\) (where \(S_f\) is the set of finite primes of \(S)\) and \(G_S\) by \(G^\ast_S = 2^{-r_1} G_S\) (where \(r_1\) is the degree of \(F/{\mathbb Q}).\) Assuming \(\mu = 0,\) the proof follows the same lines as that of Ritter-Weiss op. cit., but the localization arguments are simplified by using an algebraic lemma due to \textit{C. Greither} and \textit{C. D. Popescu} [``An equivariant main conjecture in Iwasawa theory and applications'', Preprint, \url{arxiv:1103.3069}] which allows to express the Fitting ideal of an \({\mathbb A}\)-module which is \({\mathbb Z}_p[H]\)-Noetherian and projective (such as the adjoint of \({\mathcal Z}_\infty^f)\) as a determinant over \({\mathbb Z}_p [H]\). As an application, the author obtains by (co)descent a proof of the Coates-Sinnott conjecture for \(E/F.\) Note that the odd part (i.e. ``away from 2'') of the Coates-Sinnott conjecture was proved by the referee, also starting from the Ritter-Weiss EMC, in [J. Théor. Nombres Bordx. 17, No. 2, 643--668 (2005; Zbl 1098.11054)]; see also [\textit{D. Burns} and \textit{C. Greither}, Doc. Math., J. DMV Extra Vol., 157--185 (2003; Zbl 1142.11371)], and Greither-Popescu [loc. cit.].