P-jets of finite algebras. I: \(p\)-divisible groups (Q374020)

Let \(p\) be an odd and \(R\) the \(p\)-adic completion of the maximum unramified extension of \(\mathbb{Z}_p\). Let \(\phi : R \to R\) be the unique ring automorphism that lifts the \(p\)-power Frobenius on \(R/pR\). For any scheme of finite type \(X\) over \(R\), and for each integer \(n \geq 0\), there is a \(p\)-adic formal scheme \(J^n(X)\) over \(R\), which is called the \(p\)-jet scheme of order \(n\) (see [Invent. Math. 122, No. 2, 309--340 (1995; Zbl 0841.14037)] for an exposition of the arithmetic jet theory). The rings of global functions \(\mathcal{O}^n(X) = \mathcal{O}(J^n(X))\) form an inductive system and there are canonical (non-linear) operators \(\delta : \mathcal{O}^n(X) \to \mathcal{O}^{n+1}(X)\). The subject paper deals with two examples. The first one is when \(X = \mathbb{G}_m = \mathrm{Spec}R[x, x^{-1}]\), \(J^n(\mathbb{G}_m) = \mathrm{Spf} R[x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n][x^{-1}]\hat{\mkern6mu}\) and \(\delta: \mathcal{O}^n(\mathbb{G}_m) \to \mathcal{O}^{n+1}(\mathbb{G}_m)\) is induced by \(\delta : R[x_1, x_2, \dots] \to R[x_1, x_2, \dots]\) with the property that \(\delta(F) = \frac{\phi(F)-F^p}{p}\). Here \(\phi : R[x_1, x_2, \dots]\to R[x_1, x_2, \dots]\) is defined by the formula \(\phi(x_i) = x_i^p+px_{i+1}\). The induced morphism \([p^{\nu}] : J^n(\mathbb{G}_m) \to J^n(\mathbb{G}_m)\) from the \(p\)-isogeny \(x \mapsto x^{p^{\nu}}\) is given by the map \([p^{\nu}]^*(x^{(i)}) = \delta^i(x^{p^{\nu}})\). The first main result of the paper computes \(\delta^n(x^{p^{\nu}})\). It has several consequences in characteristic \(p\). The second one is for formal groups of height greater than or equal to \(2\). Let \(\mathcal{A}^n = R[[x]][x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n]\) and \(\mathcal{A} = \cup_{n \geq 0} \mathcal{A}^n\). Let \(\mathcal{F} \in R[[x]]\) be a formal group law of finite height and let \(\mathcal{F}[p^{\nu}]\) be the kernel of the multiplication by \(p^{\nu}\). Then we have the rings of global function of order \(n\) is \[ \mathcal{O}^n(\mathcal{F}[p^{\nu}]) = \frac{\mathcal{A}^n}{(F^{\circ \nu}, \delta(F^{\circ \nu}), \dots, \delta^n(F^{\circ \nu}))}. \] To compute \(\delta^n(F^{\circ v})\), we know that \(F^{\circ \nu}(x) = \sum_{j=0}^{\nu} p^{\nu-j} G_j(x^{p^j})\). The second main result of the paper computes \(\delta^m(p^iG(x^{p^j}))\) where \(G(x) \in xR[[x]], m \geq 1, i+j = \nu \geq 1, i, j \geq 0\).