Conjugacy \(p\)-separability of right-angled Artin groups and applications. (Q374111)

Let \(\Gamma=(V,E)\) be a finite simplicial graph. The right-angled Artin group associated to \(\Gamma\) is the group \(G_\Gamma\) defined by the presentation \(G_\Gamma=\langle V\mid vw=wv\) for all \((v,w)\in E\rangle\). A special subgroup of \(G_\Gamma\) is a subgroup generated by a subset \(W\) of the set of vertices \(V\) of \(\Gamma\). A group \(G\) is said to be conjugacy separable if for all \(g,h\in G\), either \(g\) and \(h\) are conjugate, or there exists a homomorphism \(\varphi\) from \(G\) to a finite group such that the images \(\varphi(g)\) and \(\varphi(h)\) are not conjugate. If we are restricted to \(p\)-finite groups, then we have the notion of conjugacy \(p\)-separability. Since conjugacy separability is not hereditary in the subgroups of a conjugacy separable group (neither the subgroups of finite index, [see \textit{S. C. Chagas} and \textit{P. A. Zalesskii}, Forum Math. 21, No. 2, 347-353 (2009; Zbl 1171.20019)], it is introduced the notion of ``hereditarily conjugacy separable group''. A group \(G\) is said to be hereditarily conjugacy separable if every subgroup of finite index in \(G\) is conjugacy separable. By analogy, a group \(G\) is hereditarily conjugacy \(p\)-separable if every subnormal subgroup of \(p\)-power index in \(G\) is conjugacy \(p\)-separable. In [Groups Geom. Dyn. 6, No. 2, 335-388 (2012; Zbl 1280.20040)] it is proved by \textit{A. Minasyan} that right-angled Artin groups are hereditarily conjugacy separable. In this paper the author proves Theorem: Every right-angled Artin group is hereditarily conjugacy \(p\)-separable. For the proof of this theorem the author, inspired by Minasyan's proof, gives the following Definition: A group \(G\) satisfies the \(p\)-centralizer condition (\(p\)CC) if, for every normal subgroup \(H\) of \(p\)-power index in \(G\), and for all \(g\in G\), there exists a normal subgroup \(K\) of \(p\)-power index in \(G\) such that \(K<H\) and \(C_{G/K}(\varphi(g))\subset\varphi(C_GH)\), where \(\varphi\colon G\to G/K\) denotes the canonical projection; and proves: Proposition: (3.6 in the paper) A group is hereditarily conjugacy \(p\)-separable if and only if it is conjugacy \(p\)-separable and satisfies \(p\)CC. Theorem: (4.2 in the paper) Every extension of a free group by a finite \(p\)-group is conjugacy \(p\)-separable. (An analog of Dyer's Theorem that free by finite groups are conjugacy separable.) Proposition: (6.2 in the paper) Let \(G\) be a right-angled Artin group. (1) Every special subgroup \(S\) of \(G\) satisfies the \(p\)-centralizer condition in \(G\). (2) For all \(g\in G\) and for every special subgroup \(S\) of \(G\), \(g^S=\{aga^{-1}\mid a\in S\}\) is finitely \(p\)-separable in \(G\). The paper concludes with some interesting applications. Here we glean some of them. 1. Every right-angled Artin group is conjugacy separable in the class of torsion-free nilpotent groups. 2. The outer automorphism group of a right-angled Artin group is virtually residually \(p\)-finite. The natural action \(\Aut(G_\Gamma)\to\text{GL}_r(\mathbb Z)\) of \(\Aut(G_\Gamma)\) on \(H_1(G_\Gamma,\mathbb Z)\) gives rise to a homomorphism \(\text{Out}(G_\Gamma)\to\text{GL}_r(\mathbb Z)\), whose kernel is the Torelli group of the right-angled Artin group \(G_\Gamma\). 3. The Torelli group of a right-angled Artin group is residually torsion-free nilpotent.