Estimates for the numerical radius and the spectral radius of the Frobenius companion matrix and bounds for the zeros of polynomials (Q376631)

Let \(C\) be the \(n\)-by-\(n\) companion matrix: \[ C= \begin{bmatrix} -a_n & -a_{n-1} & \ldots & -a_2 & -a_1 \\ 1 & 0 & \ldots & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & \ldots & 0 & 0 \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots \\ 0 & 0 & \ldots & 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix} . \] It is proved in the paper that the numerical radius \(w(C)\) and the spectral radius \(r(C)\) of \(C\) are bounded above by \[ \sqrt{\frac{1}{4}(|a_n|+\alpha)^2+\alpha+\cos^2\frac{\pi}{n+1}} \] and \[ \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}(|a_n|+\alpha)+\cos\frac{\pi}{n+1}+\sqrt{(\frac{1}{2}(|a_n|+\alpha)-\cos\frac{\pi}{n+1})^2+4\alpha'}\right), \] respectively. Here, \(\alpha \sqrt{\sum_{j=1}^n|a_j|^2}\) and \(\alpha'=\sqrt{\sum_{j=1}^{n-1}|a_j|^2}\). Some known bounds for \(w(C)\) and \(r(C)\) are also proved anew.