New Grüss type inequalities for Riemann-Stieltjes integral with monotonic integrators and applications (Q376637)

Several new inequalities of Grüss' type for a Riemann-Stieltjes integral with monotonic non-decreasing integrators are proved. Let \(f\) and \(g\) be continuous on \([a,b]\) and \(u\) be a function of bounded variation on \([a,b]\) with \(u(a)\not= u(b)\). The Chebyshev functional for the Riemann-Stieltjes integral is defined by \[ \begin{multlined} T(f,g;u)=\frac{1}{u(b)-u(a)} \int_a^b f(t)g(t)du(t)\\ -\frac{1}{u(b)-u(a)} \int_a^b f(t)du(t)\cdot \frac{1}{u(b)-u(a)} \int_a^b g(t)du(t).\end{multlined} \] {Theorem.} Let \(g,u:[a,b] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) be such that \(g\) is Riemann-Stieltjes integrable with respect to a monotonic non-decreasing function \(u\) on \([a,b]\) and there exists the real numbers \(\gamma\), \(\Gamma\) such that \(\gamma \leq g(x) \leq \Gamma\) for all \(x\in [a,b]\). (i) If \(f:[a,b] \rightarrow \mathbb{C}\) is a \(p-H_f\)-Hölder continuous function where \(p\in (0,1]\) and \(H_f >0\), then \[ |T(f,g;u)| \leq \frac{1}{2^{p+1}}H_f (\Gamma- \gamma)(b-a)^p. \] (ii) If \(f:[a,b] \rightarrow \mathbb{C}\) is \(L_f\)-Lipschitz, then \[ |T(f,g;u)| \leq \frac 14 L_f (\Gamma- \gamma)(b-a). \] (iii) If \(f:[a,b] \rightarrow \mathbb{C}\) is a function of bounded variation, then \[ |T(f,g;u)| \leq \frac 14 (\Gamma- \gamma) \bigvee_a^b(f) \] and the constant \(\frac 14\) in (iii) is the best possible. A natural generalization of the above-defined Chebyshev functional is the following functional \(C(f,g;A;x)\) defined by \[ C(f,g;A;x)= \langle f(A)g(A)x,x,\rangle -\langle f(A)x,x,\rangle\cdot \langle g(A)x,x,\rangle \] where \(A\) is a bounded selfadjoint operator on the Hilbert space \(H\) and \(x\in H\) with \(\|x\|=1\). Results for functional \(C(f,g;A;x)\) which are similar to results of the previous theorem are also proved.