Some new results on the Fejér and Hermite-Hadamard inequalities (Q380208)

Hadamard-Hermite-Fejér inequalities are considered in case that the convexity of the involved function \(f\) is relaxed. The following theorems are proved. Theorem 1. Suppose that \(p(x)\geq 0\) is symmetric about \(\frac{a+b}{2}\) and \(f:[a,b]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) is a twice differentiable function such that \(f''\) is bounded in \([a,b]\). Then \[ \begin{multlined} m\int_a^{(a+b)/2} \left(\frac{a+b}{2}-x\right)^2 p(x) dx\\ \leq \int_a^b f(x)p(x) dx -f\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right) \int_a^b p(x) dx \leq M \int_a^{(a+b)/2} \left(\frac{a+b}{2}-x\right)^2 p(x) dx \end{multlined} \] and \[ \begin{multlined} -M\int_a^{(a+b)/2} (x-a)(b-x)p(x) dx \\ \leq \int_a^b f(x)p(x) dx - \frac{f(a)+f(b)}{2} \int_a^b p(x) dx \leq -m \int_a^{(a+b)/2} (x-a)(b-x) p(x) dx \end{multlined} \] where \(m=\inf_{t\in [a,b]} f''(t)\), \(M=\sup_{t\in [a,b]} f''(t)\). Theorem 2. Let \(1<p<\infty\) and \(p(x)\geq 0\) be symmetric about \(\frac{a+b}{2}\) and \(f:[a,b]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) is a twice differentiable function such that \(f''\in L^p([a,b])\). Then \[ \begin{multlined} \left| \int_a^b f(x)p(x) dx -f\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right) \int_a^b p(x) dx \right|\\ \leq \frac{q}{2(q+1)} \|f''\|_p \int_a^{(a+b)/2} (a+b-2x)^{(1/q)+1} p(x) dx\end{multlined} \] and \[ \begin{multlined} \left| \frac{f(a)+f(b)}{2} \int_a^b p(x) dx -\int_a^b f(x)p(x) dx \right|\\ \leq \frac{q}{2(q+1)} \|f''\|_p \int_a^{(a+b)/2} \left( (b-a)^{(1/q)+1}-(a+b-2x)^{(1/q)+1}\right) p(x) dx, \end{multlined} \] where \(q\) is defined to be \(p/(p-1)\). Theorem 3. Suppose that \(p(x)\geq 0\) is symmetric about \(\frac{a+b}{2}\) and \(f:[a,b]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) is a differentiable function satisfying \(f'(a+b-x) \geq f'(x)\), for all \(x\in [a,(a+b)/2]\). Then \[ f\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right) \int_a^b p(x) dx \leq \int_a^b f(x)p(x) dx \leq \frac{f(a)+f(b)}{2} \int_a^b p(x) dx \] holds.