Some isometric properties of subspaces of function spaces (Q382067)

A Banach space \(X\) is called \(u\)-embedded if there is a closed subspace \(X_s\subseteq X^{**}\) such that \(X^{**}=X\oplus X_s\) and \(\|x+u\|=\|x-u\|\) for all \(x\in X\), \(u\in X_s\) (which is denoted by \(X^{**}=X\oplus_u X_s\)). Using Maurey's characterisation of separable Banach spaces containing \(\ell^1\) [\textit{B. Maurey}, in: Texas functional analysis seminar 1982--1983. Proceedings of the first annual seminar, Austin, TX, USA, 1982--1983. Austin, TX: University of Texas, Dept. of Mathematics. 123--137 (1983; Zbl 1288.46018)], the author shows that, for any separable \(u\)-embedded space \(X\) and any closed, non-reflexive subspace \(Y\subseteq X\), one has \(Y^{\perp\perp}\cap X_s\neq \{0\}\). Since the proof of Maurey's theorem is quite complicated, the author also presents a simpler proof for the special (but important) case of a separable weakly sequentially complete Banach lattice \(X\) (such spaces are \(u\)-embedded). The next section of the paper is devoted to octahedral spaces. The author proves that every octahedral space contains an asymptotic copy of \(\ell^1\) and also constructs a non-octahedral space which contains \(\ell^1\) asymptotically. The main result of the previous section is used to deduce that every closed, non-reflexive subspace \(Y\) of a separable \(L\)-embedded space \(X\) is octahedral (\(X\) is called \(L\)-embedded if \(X^{**}=X\oplus_1 X_s\) for some closed subspace \(X_s\subseteq X^{**}\)). In the paper's final section, fixed point properties for Müntz subspaces of a dilation-stable weakly sequentially complete Köthe function space \(X\) on the interval \([0,1]\) are studied. In particular, it is shown that such spaces always have the weak fixed point property.