Complete geometric unitaries in operator spaces (Q384332)

The paper is devoted to characterizing complete geometric unitaries in an abstract operator space. A matrix numerical range space is defined to be a couple \(( V,u) \) of an operator space \(V\) and a norm-one element \(u\in V\). For each integer \(n\), the \(n\) matrix state space of \(u\) is defined as \(S_{n}( V,u) =\{ \varphi \in CB( V,M_{n}) :\| \varphi \| _{cb}\leq 1\), \(\varphi ( u) =I_{n}\} \), and the matrix numerical radius of a matrix element \(x\in M_{k}( V) \) is defined as \(\gamma _{k}^{u}( x) =\sup \{ \| \varphi ^{( k) }( x) \| :\varphi \in S_{n}( V,u)\), \(n\in \mathbb{N}\} \). The matrix numerical index of \(u\) is defined as \(n_{cb}( V,u) =\inf \left\{ \gamma _{k}^{u}( x) :x\in M( V) _{\| \cdot \| =1}\right\} \). The element \(u\) is called a complete geometric unitary if \(n_{cb}( V,u) >0\). The first central result of the paper asserts that \(u\) is a complete geometric unitary iff there exists \(0<r\leq 1\) such that \(M_{n}( V^{\ast }) _{\| \cdot \| <r}\subseteq \{ \sum_{k=0}^{3}i^{k}\alpha _{k}\varphi _{k}\alpha _{k}:\varphi _{k}\in S_{n}( V,u)\), \(\alpha _{k}\in \mathrm{ball}( M_{n}) _{+}\} \) for all \(n\). In particular, a norm-one element \(u \) of a unital \(C^{\ast }\)-algebra is a complete geometric unitary iff it is a unitary. The second result of the paper asserts that the elementary tensor \(u\otimes v\) is a complete geometric unitary of an injective tensor product \(V\overset{\smallsmile }{\otimes }W\) of operator spaces \(V\) and \(W\) iff so are \(u\) and \(v\) in the related spaces \(V\) and \(W\), respectively.