Certain holomorphic sections relating to 2-pointed Weierstrass gap sets on a compact Riemann surface (Q389060)

Let \(X\) be a compact Riemann surface of genus \(g\), and \(P_1, \dots ,P_n\) be \(n\) points on \(X\). The Weierstrass semigroup for \(P_1, \dots , P_n\) is \(H(P_1, \dots ,P_n) = \{(m_1, \dots, m_n) \in \mathbb{N}^n\), such that there exists a meromorphic function \(f\) on \(X\) with \(\mathrm{div}_{\infty} (f) = m_1 P_1 + \cdots + m_n P_n\)\}, where \(\mathbb{N}\) is the set of non-negative integers and \(\mathrm{div}_{\infty} (f)\) is the polar divisor of \(f\). The Weierstrass gap set for \(P_1, \dots, P_n\) is \(G(P_1, \dots, P_n) = \mathbb{N}^n \backslash H(P_1,\dots,P_n)\). For \(n=2\), it was proved in [\textit{S. J. Kim}, Arch. Math. 62, No. 1, 73--82 (1994; Zbl 0815.14020)] that \(g(g+3)/2 \leq \# G(P,Q) \leq 3g(g+1)/2\). In [\textit{T. Gotoh}, Kodai Math. J. 34, No. 2, 317--337 (2011; Zbl 1223.14036)], the author studied the gap set \(G(P,Q)\) in terms of holomorphic \(1\)-forms, with special attention to the case in which the cardinality \(\# G(P,Q)\) attains the lower bound \(g(g+3)/2\). The paper under review is a continuation to the one quoted above. Here the author turns to the pairs \((P,Q)\) with cardinality of the gap set greater than the minimal value \(g(g+3)/2\). The goal of the paper is to construct a holomorphic section whose zero set consists of these pairs \((P,Q)\). Section 2 of the paper is devoted to the construction of this holomorphic section, whilst in Section 3 the order of those holomorphic sections \(\mathbf{S}_{\nu} [\mathbf{\omega}]\), \(\nu = 0,1,\dots,g\), is determined. Finally the constructions of previous sections are applied to two important examples, namely hyperelliptic curves and the Fermat curve of genus \(3\) over the field of complex numbers. In both cases a complete table is given with the value of \(\mathrm{ord}_{(P,Q)} \mathbf{S}_\nu [\mathbf{\omega}]\), according to whether each of the points \(P\) and \(Q\) is or is not Weierstrass.