A characterisation of Weyl-Heisenberg frame operators (Q390831)

A countable sequence \(\{f_n\}\) in a separable Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}\) is a \textit{frame} for \(\mathcal{H}\) if there exist finite positive constants \(A\) and \(B\) such that \[ A\|f\|^2\leq \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} |\langle f, f_n\rangle |^2 \leq B\|f\|^2, \;\text{for all} \;f \in \mathcal{H}. \] Let \(g \in L^2(\mathbb{R})\), \(a, b \in \mathbb{R}\) and let \(E_{mb}\) and \(T_{na}\) be modulation and translation operators on \(L^2(\mathbb{R})\) given by \(E_{mb}g(t)= e^{2\pi \, i\, mbt}g(t)\), \(T_{na}g(t)= g(t- na), t \in \mathbb{R}\). If \(a, b > 0\), then \(\{E_{mb}T_{na}g\}_{m, n \in \mathbb{Z}}\) is a frame for \(L^2(\mathbb{R})\) and is called a \textit{Weyl-Heisenberg frame} (or \textit{Gabor frame}) for \(L^2(\mathbb{R})\). In this paper, it is proved that a bounded linear operator on \(L^2(\mathbb{R})\) can be realized as a Weyl-Heisenberg frame operator if and only if it is a positive, invertible operator on \(L^2(\mathbb{R})\) which commutes with some translation operator \(T_a\) and modulation operator \(E_b\) with \(a >0, \;b >0\) and \(0< ab \leq 1\).