Sums and commutators of homogeneous locally nilpotent derivations of fiber type (Q392440)

Let \(\mathbf{k}\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. Let \(M=\mathbb{Z}^n\) be a lattice and \(\mathbb{T}=\text{Spec}(\mathbf{k}[M])\cong (\mathbf{k}^*)^n\) an algebraic torus acting effectively on a normal affine variety \(X\). The algebra \(A=\mathbf{k}[X]\) is graded by the lattice of characters of \(\mathbb{T}\): the homogeneous part corresponding to \(u\in M\) is \(A_u=\{f\in A : f(t\cdot x)=\chi^u(t)f(X) \text{\;for all\;}(t,x)\in T\times X\}\), where \(\chi^u:T\to \mathbf{k}^*\) is the character of \(T\) corresponding to \(u\). Regular actions of the group \(\mathbb{G}_a(\mathbf{k})\) on \(X\) are in one-to-one correspondence with \(\mathbf{k}\)-derivations of \(A\) which are locally nilpotent (i.e.\ for each \(a\in A\) there exists \(n\geq 1\) such that \(\partial^n(a)=0\)). A derivation \(\partial\) is homogeneous of degree \(s\in M\) if \(\partial A_u\subset A_{u+s}\). For such derivations the corresponding \(\mathbb{G}_a(\mathbf{k})\)-action is normalized by the torus. A homogeneous derivation is of \textit{fiber type} if \(\partial(\mathbf{k}(X)^\mathbb{T})=0\). In the latter case general orbits of the corresponding action are contained in the closures of general orbits of the action of \(\mathbb{T}\) (which is always the case for toric varieties). Using the description of locally nilpotent derivations of fiber type given by \textit{A. Liendo}, Theorem 2.4 in [J. Algebra 324, No. 12, 3653--3665 (2010; Zbl 1219.14069)] the author obtains a criteria for local nilpotency of a commutator and a sum of two such derivations (Proposition 1, Theorem 2).