Martin representation and relative Fatou theorem for fractional Laplacian with a gradient perturbation (Q395597)

Suppose \(d\geq 2\), \(\alpha\in (1, 2)\) and that \(b\) is an \(\mathbb{R}^d\)-valued function on \(\mathbb{R}^d\) such that \[ \lim_{r\to 0}\sup_{x\in \mathbb{R}^d}\int_{|x-z|<r}|b(z)|x-z|^{\alpha-1-d}dz=0. \] In this paper, the authors study the potential theory of the operator \(L=\Delta^{\alpha/2}+b\cdot \nabla\). They prove the existence of an \(L\)-Martin kernel in bounded \(C^{1, 1}\) open sets \(D\) and establish a Martin representation for singular \(L\)-harmonic functions in \(D\). They also establish a relative Fatou theorem for singular \(L\)-harmonic functions in bounded \(C^{1, 1}\) open sets. The key of this paper is a perturbation argument: quantities with respect to \(L\) in a bounded \(C^{1, 1}\) set \(D\) can be regarded as a perturbation of the corresponding quantities for \(\Delta^{\alpha/2}\) in \(D\).