No label defined (Q3972636)

[For the entire collection see Zbl. 711.00011.] For a scheme \(X\) over \(\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{Z}[\frac12])\) the generalized De~Rham-Witt complex \(\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_X\) is defined by means of algebraic \(K\)-theory. \(\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_X\) is a complex of Zariski sheaves of anti-commutative differential graded algebras with Frobenius and Verschiebung, \(F_m\), \(V_m:\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^i}_X\to\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^i}_X\) for all \(i\geq 0\), \(m\geq 1\), satisfying a list of relations such as \(F_mV_m=m\), \(dF_m=mF_md\), \(F_mdV_m=d\), \(F_mV_n=V_nF_m\) if \((m,n)=1\), etc. \(\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^0}_X=\underline{\mathcal{W\mathcal O}}_X\), the sheaf of generalized Witt-vectors. There is a homomorphism of sheaves of \(dg\)-algebras \(\pi:\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_X\to\Omega^\bullet_X\) (in fact, modulo some specific torsion), the absolute De~Rham complex on \(X\). In particular, in degree~0, \(\pi:\underline{\mathcal{WO}}_X\to\mathcal{O}_X\) is the projection onto the first Witt-vector coordinate. The construction is functorial in \(X\) and compatible with the \(F_m\) and \(V_m\), and it induces homomorphisms on (hyper)cohomology. \({\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_X\) generalizes Deligne and Illusie's de~Rham-Witt complex for a smooth scheme over a perfect field of characteristic~p. The construction of \({\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_X\) is realized in steps: \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] For a commutative ring \(A\) with 1, \(K\)-theory of endomorphisms [cf. \textit{J.~Stienstra}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 355, 1--66 (1985; Zbl. 545.14013)] provides an anticommutative graded ring with 1, \(\tilde K_*(\mathrm{End}(A))=\oplus_{i\geq 0}\tilde K_i(\mathrm{End}(A))\) equipped with \(F_m\), \(V_m\) and derivation \(d\), satisfying essentially the same list of relations as alluded to above. \(\tilde K_*(\mathrm{End}(A))\) admits a decreasing filtration \(\mathrm{Fil}_n\) by homogeneous ideals, \(\mathrm{Fil}_1=\tilde K_*(\mathrm{End}(A))\). One defines \(\tilde K_*(\mathrm{End}(A))^c=\varprojlim_n[\tilde K_*(\mathrm{End}(A))/\mathrm{Fil}_n]\). The \(F_m\), \(V_m\) and \(d\) extend to continuous operators on \(\tilde K_*(\mathrm{End}(A))^c\) and \(\tilde K_0(\mathrm{End}(A))^c\) is canonically isomorphic with \(W(A)\), the ring of generalized Witt vectors over \(A\). One defines \(\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_A\) as the closure of the graded subring of \(\tilde K_*(\mathrm{End}(A))^c\) generated by \(\tilde K_0(\mathrm{End}(A))^c\) and \(d\tilde K_0(\mathrm{End}(A))^c\). This construction is functorial in \(\mathbb{Z}[\frac12]\)-algebras; \item[(ii)] Then, for a scheme \(X\) over \(\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{Z}[\frac12])\) and of Zariski open \(U\subset X\), \(\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_X\) is defined as the sheaf associated to the presheaf \(U\mapsto\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_{\Gamma(U,\mathcal{O}_X)}\). The whole construction can be relativized to get complexes \(\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_{X/S}\) for morphisms \(f:X\to S\) of schemes over \(\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{Z}[\frac12])\). One goal of the paper is a result on the interaction of Frobenius on the generalized Witt vector cohomology \(H^m(X,\underline{\mathcal{WO}}_X)\) for projective smooth \(f:X\to S\) of relative dimension~\(r\) and the Gauß-Manin connection \(\nabla\) on \(H^{r-m}(X,\Omega^r_{X/S})\). One makes the assumption that \(S=\mathrm{Spec}(A)\) is affine and smooth over some open part of \(\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{Z}[\frac12])\), and also that the Hodge cohomology groups \(H^j(X,\Omega^i_{X/S})\) are free \(A\)-modules and \(H^r(X,\Omega^r_{X/S})\simeq A\). This assures [cf. \textit{J.~Stienstra}, \textit{M.~van~der~Put} and \textit{L.~van~der~Marel}, Math. Z. 208, 309--355 (1991)] that the map \(\pi:H^m(X,\underline{\mathcal{WO}}_X)\to H^m(X,\mathcal{O}_X)\) is surjective. Now let \(\{\omega_1,\ldots,\omega_h\}\) be a basis of \(H^m(X,\mathcal{O}_X)\), \(m\geq0\) and let \(\tilde\omega_1,\ldots,\tilde \omega_h\in H^m(X,\underline{\mathcal{WO}}_X)\) such that \(\pi\tilde\omega=\omega_i\), \(i=1,\ldots,h\). Let \(B_N\) denote the \(h\times h\)-matrix (with entries in \(A\)), defined by \(\pi F_N\underline{\tilde\omega}=B_N\underline\omega\) with \(\underline{\tilde\omega}=(\tilde\omega_1,\ldots,\tilde\omega_h)^t\) and similarly for \(\underline\omega\). Also, let \(\{\check\omega_1,\ldots,\check\omega_h\}\) be the dual basis in \(H^{r-m}(X,\Omega^r_{X/S})\) of \(\{\omega_1,\ldots,\omega_h\}\). If now \(P_1,\ldots,P_h\) are differential operators on \(A\) generated by derivations of \(A\) and satisfying \(\nabla(P_1)\check\omega_1+\cdots+\nabla(P_1)\check\omega_h=0\) in \(\mathbb{H}^{2r-m}(X,\Omega^\bullet_{X/S})\), then the rows \((B_{N,i1},\ldots,B_{N,ih})\), \(i=1,\ldots,h\), of \(B_N\) satisfy the congruence differential equations \(P_1B_{N,i1}+\cdots+P_hB_{N,ih}\equiv 0\mod N\) for all \(N\in\mathbb{N}\). Interesting examples are provided by families of hypergeometric curves (ibid.), elliptic curves and \(K3\)-surfaces. The rest of the paper is concerned with the unit root crystal \(\mathcal{U}\). One fixes a prime number \(p>2\) and assumes that the Hasse-Witt matrix \(B_p\mod p\) is invertible in \(A/pA\). Write \(A_n=A/p^nA\), \(A_\infty=\varprojlim_n(A_n)\), \(S_n=\mathrm{Spec}(A_n)\) and \(X_n=X\otimes A_n\). Also, write \(\mathbb{H}^m(X,\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega}_{X/S})_\infty=\varprojlim_n\mathbb{H}^m(X_n,\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega}^\bullet_{X_n/S_n}\mod p^n)\). One can describe \(\mathcal{U}\) as a specific sub-\(A_\infty\)-module of \(\mathbb{H}^m(X,\Omega^\bullet_{X/S})\otimes_AA_\infty\) by giving its generators and one also obtains a sub-\(A_\infty\)-module \(\lambda(\mathcal{U})\) of \(\mathbb{H}^m(X,\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_{X/S})_\infty\), where \(\lambda:A_\infty\to W(A_\infty)\) (\(p\)-typical Witt vectors over \(A_\infty\)) is the unique homomorphism such that \(\pi F^n_p\lambda=\sigma^n\) for all \(n\in\mathbb{N}\), where \(\sigma(a)\equiv a^p\mod pA_\infty\) for all \(a\in A_\infty\). \end{itemize} The results are: \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] \(\pi:\mathbb{H}^m(X,\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_{X/S})_\infty\to\mathbb{H}^m(X,\Omega^\bullet_{X/S})\otimes_AA_\infty\) restricts to an isomorphism of \(A_\infty\)-modules \(\lambda(\mathcal{U})\xrightarrow{\sim} \mathcal{U}\); \item[(ii)] \(\beta:\mathbb{H}^m(X,\Omega^\bullet_{X/S})\otimes_AA_\infty\to H^m(X,\mathcal{O}_X)\otimes_AA_\infty\) restricts to an isomorphism of \(A_\infty\)-modules \(\mathcal{U}\xrightarrow{\sim} H^m(X,\mathcal{O}_X)\otimes_AA_\infty\); \item[(iii)] Frobenius \(F_p\) on \(\mathbb{H}^m(X,\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_{X/S})_\infty\) stabilizes \(\lambda(\mathcal{U})\); \item[(iv)] Gauß-Manin on \(\mathbb{H}^m(X,\Omega^\bullet_{X/S})\otimes_AA_\infty\) stabilizes \(\mathcal{U}\). \end{itemize} Furthermore the matrices of \(F^k_p\) and \(\nabla(D)\), \(D\in\mathrm{Der}(A)\), with respect to suitable bases, satisfy an infinity of congruences involving the \(B_p\)'s. Finally, for a closed point \(s\) of \(S\) with perfect residue field of characteristic~\(p\), one has the specialization homomorphism \[ \mathbb{H}^m (X,\underline{\mathcal{W}\Omega^\bullet}_{X/S})_\infty \to H^m_{crys}(X_s). \tag{*} \] Now \(H^m_{crys}(X_s)\) admits the so-called conjugate filtration \(\{\mathrm{Fil}^i_{con}H^m_{crys}(X_s)\}_{i\geq0}\). It is shown that (*) induces a surjection \(\lambda\mathcal{U}\to\mathrm{Fil}^0_{con}H^m_{crys}(X_s)\).