No label defined (Q3972865)

[For the entire collection see Zbl 0717.00013.] A fundamental device in understanding various Hamiltonian operators occuring in areas of mathematical physics is the well known Sobolev inequality. In particular, variations of this and associated sharp forms with optimal or near-optimal constants play roles vital to problems including Navier-Stokes equations, stability of matter, stellar structure, stability of atoms in magnetic fields and instability of bosonic matter, all of which are reviewed here. Here, one application to Navier-Stokes provides a bound on the Hausdorff dimension of an attracting set. Next a linear growth condition is found for the Hamiltonian operator for an \(n\)-particle Coulomb system, which depends crucially on the \(L^ 2\) space of antisymmetric functions involved. Similarly, an estimate is given concerning purely gravitational interaction of \(n\) neutrons, which again depends on antisymmetry for good bounds to be obtained. Two further applications are presented, concerning stability of atoms in magnetic fields and integral norms of Riesz and Bessel potentials of orthonormal functions. Finally a growth inequality, due to Dyson, which demonstrated the instability of bosonic matter turns out to be optimal.