Yangians and quantizations of slices in the affine Grassmannian (Q399372)

The authors initiate a program to relate the geometry of affine Grassmannians with the representation theory of shifted Yangians. More precisely, they study slices in affine Grassmannians which correspond to weight spaces of irreducible representations under the geometric Satake correspondence. Their main result is that certain subquotients of Yangians quantize these slices. Let \(G\) be a complex semisimple group and consider its thick affine Grassmannian \(\mathrm{Gr}=G((t^{-1}))/G[t]\). Attached to each pair of dominant coweights \(\lambda \geq \mu\), we have Schubert varieties with \(\mathrm{Gr}^\mu\subset\overline{\mathrm{Gr}^\lambda}\subset \mathrm{Gr}\). The neighborhood in \(\overline{\mathrm{Gr}^\lambda}\) of a point in \(\mathrm{Gr}^\mu\) is encapsulated in a transversal slice, \(\mathrm{Gr}^{\overline{\lambda}}_\mu\), to the latter variety in the former. Under the geometric Satake correspondence, this slice is related to the \(\mu\) weight space in the irreducible representation of \(G^\vee\) of highest weight \(\lambda\). There is a natural structure of Poisson variety over \(\mathrm{Gr}\), such that the slice \(\mathrm{Gr}^{\overline{\lambda}}_\mu\) is an affine Poisson subvariety. The purpose of this paper is to describe quantization of the coordinate ring \(\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{Gr}^{\overline{\lambda}}_\mu)\) of \(\mathrm{Gr}^{\overline{\lambda}}_\mu\), which is a Poisson algebra. This algebra \(\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{Gr}^{\overline{\lambda}}_\mu)\) is a quotient of \(\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{Gr}_\mu)\), and \(\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{Gr}_\mu)\) is a subalgebra of \(\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{Gr}_1[[t^{-1}]]\). In order to quantize \(\mathrm{Gr}^{\overline{\lambda}}_\mu\), the authors follow a three-step procedure which mirrors this construction. First, they construct a version \(Y\) of the Yangian, which is a subalgebra of the Drinfeld Yangian. Next, they define subalgebras \(Y_\mu \subset Y\), called shifted Yangians, that quantize \(\mathrm{Gr}_\mu\). This generalizes the shifted Yangian for \(gl_n\) introduced by \textit{J. Brundan} and \textit{A. Kleshchev} [Adv. Math. 200, No. 1, 136--195 (2006; Zbl 1083.17006)]. Finally, they define a quotient \(Y^\lambda_\mu\) of \(Y_\mu\) using some remarkable representations of \(Y\) as difference operators, constructed in [\textit{A. Gerasimov} et al., Commun. Math. Phys. 260, No. 3, 511--525 (2005; Zbl 1142.53069)]. The authors conjecture that the scheme quantized by \(Y^\lambda_\mu\) is reduced. More precisely, they provide a conjectural description of the generators of the ideal of \(\mathrm{Gr}^{\overline{\lambda}}_\mu\) inside \(\mathrm{Gr}_\mu\) and prove that this conjecture implies that \(Y^\lambda_\mu\) quantizes the reduced scheme structure on \(\mathrm{Gr}^{\overline{\lambda}}_\mu\). Moreover, they prove that this conjecture gives a simple description for the ideal defining \(Y^\lambda_\mu\). This conjecture also implies the conjectural quantization of the Zastava spaces for \(\mathrm{PGL}_n\) of \textit{M. Finkelberg} and \textit{L. Rybnikov} [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 16, No. 2, 235--271 (2014; Zbl 1287.14024)].