No label defined (Q4026701)

[For the entire collection see Zbl 0746.00075.] Let \(U\) be an orthonormal sequence defined on an interval, and let \(D_ n\) be the representing kernels for the partial sum operators (for the trigonometric case \(D_ n\) is just the Dirichlet kernel). S. Sidon proved that for the trigonometric system \[ {\mathcal M}_ n (a,U) : = {1 \over n} \int\left | \sum^{n-1}_{k = 0} a_ k D_ k (x) \right | dx \leq C \max_{0 \leq k < n} | a_ k |. \tag{1} \] Bojanić and Stanojević showed that here the right hand side can be replaced by \[ C_ p \left( {1 \over n} \sum^{n - 1}_{k = 0} | a_ k |^ p \right)^{1/p} \] for any \(p > 1\). This is no longer true for \(p = 1\), and the present paper settles the problem of possible substitute in this case. If we define a function \(A_ n\) which takes the value \(a_ k\) on the interval \([k/n, (k + 1)/n)\), \(k = 0, 1, \dots, n - 1\), then the preceding sequence \(l^ p\) norm coincides with the \(L^ p\) norm of \(A_ n\). This observation allows one to define sequence \(H^ 1\) and sequence dyadic \(H^ 1\) norms (of infinite sequences). The main result of the paper is that for the trigonometric case the right hand side in (1) can be replaced by the sequence \(H^ 1\) norm (more precisely, the supremum of the left hand side for all \(n\) is at most as large as the sequence \(H^ 1\) norm), while for the Walsh-Paley system by the sequence dyadic \(H^ 1\) norm. In view of the inclusion of \(L^ p\) spaces into \(H^ 1\) spaces, the results are the sharpest ones up to now, and hence they generalize several earlier theorems in this direction.