A local-global principle for torsors under geometric prosolvable fundamental groups (Q403148)

The article under review establishes evidence for Grothendieck's section conjecture, by proving one of its consequences. Let \(k\) be a field of characteristic \(0\) and \(X\) a smooth, proper, geometrically connected curve of genus \(\geq 2\) over \(k\). Let \(\eta\) be a geometric point of \(X\) lying over the generic point, \(\bar{k}\) the algebraic closure of \(k\) induced by \(\eta\), and \(\bar{\eta}\) the induced geometric point of \(\overline{X}:=X\times_k \bar{k}\). To this datum, Grothendieck attaches a short exact sequence of topological groups \[ (\star)\quad1\rightarrow \pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(\overline{X},\bar{\eta})\rightarrow \pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(X,\eta)\rightarrow \mathrm {Gal}(\bar{k}/k)\rightarrow 1. \] A \(k\)-rational point of \(X\) induces a \(\pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(\overline{X},\bar{\eta})\)-conjugacy class of continuous sections of this sequence, and conversely, Grothendieck conjectures that if \(k\) is a number field (or more generally finitely generated over \(\mathbb{Q}\)), then the induced map of \(X(k)\) into the set of \(\pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(\overline{X},\bar{\eta})\)-conjugacy classes of continuous sections of \((\star)\) is bijective. If we assume that a continuous section \(s:\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{k}/k)\rightarrow \pi_1^{\mathrm{\'et}}(X,\eta)\) of \((\star)\) exists, then \(\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{k}/k)\) acts on \(\pi_1^{\mathrm{\'et}}(\overline{X},\bar{\eta})\) by conjugation via \(s\). In this situation, Grothendieck's conjecture predicts that the natural set-theoretic map \[ X(k)\rightarrow H^1(\mathrm {Gal}(\bar{k}/k),\pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(\overline{X},\bar{\eta})) \] is bijective. Now let \(v\) be an archimedian prime of \(k\), \(k_v\) the completion of \(k\). Then Grothendieck's conjecture implies that the natural restriction map of pointed sets \[ \mathrm{Res}_v:H^1(\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{k}/k),\pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(\overline{X},\bar{\eta}))\rightarrow H^1(\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{k}_v/k_v),\pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(\overline{X},\bar{\eta})) \] is injective, where \(k_v\) is the completion of \(k\) at \(v\). The main result of the present article is a weak version of this consequence: It is proved that the product \[ \prod_{\mathrm{all }v}\mathrm{Res}_v: H^1(\mathrm {Gal}(\bar{k}/k),\pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(\overline{X},\bar{\eta}))\rightarrow \prod_{\mathrm{all }v}H^1(\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{k}_v/k_v),\pi^{\mathrm{\'et}}_1(\overline{X},\bar{\eta})) \] is injective.