A Hopf fixed point theorem for semi-algebraic maps (Q4037347)

The article deals with the Hopf fixed point theorem for a semi-algebraic map over a real closed field \(K\). Let \(X\subset K^ n\) be a semi- algebraic set and \(\widetilde X \subseteq \text{Spec}_ R K[x_ 1,\dots,x_ n]\) be the corresponding constructible set. Any semialgebraic map \(\varphi : X \to X\) extends to a continuous map \(\widetilde{\varphi}: \widetilde{X} \to \widetilde{X}\). One can define the Lefschetz number of \(\varphi\) as \[ \text{tr }\varphi_ * = \sum(- 1)^ i \text{trace }(\varphi_ *: H_ i(X,\mathbb{Q}) \to H_ i(X,\mathbb{Q})). \] The author gets the following results: The fixed point set \(\text{Fix }\widetilde{\varphi}\) is closed in \(\widetilde{X}\). For \(X\) complete (i.e. \(X\) closed and bounded), \(\text{tr }\varphi_ * \neq 0 \implies \varphi\) has a fixed point. Define \(\text{Fringe}(\widetilde{X})\) as the set of points in \(\widetilde{X}\) which do not belong to any constructible subset \(\widetilde C \subset \widetilde X\) such that \(C\) is complete in \(X\). Then: \(\text{tr }\varphi_ * \neq 0 \implies \) either \(\varphi\) has a fixed point in \(X\) or \(\widetilde{\varphi}\) has a fixed point in \(\text{Fringe }(\widetilde{X})\). In any case \(\widetilde{\varphi}\) has a closed fixed point, and this fixed point can be taken in \(\text{Fringe }(\widetilde{X})\cup X\) if \(X\) is locally closed or \(K = \mathbb{R}\). The proofs are purely algebraic. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0756.00007].