Self-dual spherical grids (Q405124)

Summary: Self-dual plane graphs have been studied extensively. In 1950, \textit{C. A. B. Smith} and \textit{W. T. Tutte} published [``A class of self-dual maps'', Can. J. Math. 2, 179--196 (1950; Zbl 0040.39101)]; in [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. B 54, No. 1, 37--63 (1992; Zbl 0696.52006)], \textit{D. Archdeacon} and \textit{R. B. Richter} described a method for constructing all self-dual plane graphs and a second construction was produced by \textit{B. Servatius} and \textit{P. R. Christopher} in [Am. Math. Mon. 99, No. 2, 153--158 (1992; Zbl 0764.05023)]. Both constructions are inductive. In this paper, we produce four templates from which all self-dual plane graphs with maximum degree 4 (self-dual spherical grids) can be constructed. The self-dual spherical grids are further subdivided into 27 basic automorphism classes. Self-dual spherical grids in the same automorphism class have similar architecture. A smallest example of each class is constructed.