A note on hierarchies of Borel type sets (Q409667)

The author considers the abstract and quite general notion of a hereditary complete saturated class of subsets. An example of such a class is e.g.\ the collection of all pairs \((Q,X)\) with \(X\) a \(T_0\)-space of weight \(\leq \tau\) and \(Q\) a subset of \(X\) belonging to the additive (alternatively, the multiplicative) class of level \(\alpha\) in the (generalized) Borel hierarchy over \(X\) (for \(\tau\) a given cardinal and \(\alpha<\tau^+\) a fixed nonzero ordinal). The main result of the paper is that in such a class there always exists a pair \((Q,X)\) such that \((X \setminus Q,X)\) does not belong to the same class. The proof follows the usual strategy: fix \(X\) to be e.g.\ the (generalized) Cantor space, construct a set which is universal for the class under consideration, and then use a diagonal argument. However, the method used to construct the universal set is new (even when applied to the classical setup of levels of the Borel hierarchy), and has the merit of being applicable to a much broader context. The paper is highly non-self-contained, and the interested reader is expected to be very familiar with the notation, terminology, and results from [\textit{S. D.~Iliadis}, Universal spaces and mappings. North-Holland Mathematics Studies 198. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (2005; Zbl 1072.54001)] -- in fact, in the paper under review even the definition of the central notion of a hereditary complete saturated class of subsets is missing.