Iwasawa theory for elliptic curves at supersingular primes: a pair of Main Conjectures (Q415254)

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Iwasawa theory for elliptic curves at supersingular primes: a pair of Main Conjectures
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    Iwasawa theory for elliptic curves at supersingular primes: a pair of Main Conjectures (English)
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    11 May 2012
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    Let \(E/\mathbb Q\) be an elliptic curve and let \(p\) be a prime. The aim of the paper under review is to formulate a pair of main conjectures in the case, where \(p\) is a good supersingular prime, i.e.~\(p\) divides \(a_p = p+1-|E(\mathbb F_p)|\). When \(a_p = 0\), \textit{R. Pollack} [Duke Math. J. 118, No. 3, 523--558 (2003; Zbl 1074.11061)] has constructed two \(p\)-adic \(L\)-functions \(L_p^{\pm}(E,X) \in \mathbb Z_p[[X]]\) such that (for \(p\) odd) \[ L_p(E,\alpha, X) = L_p^+(E,X) \mathrm{log}_p^+(1+X) + L_p^-(E,X) \mathrm{log}_p^-(1+X) \alpha \] for each root \(\alpha\) of the Hecke polynomial \(Y^2 - a_p Y + p\). Here \(\mathrm{log}_p^{\pm}\) are Pollack's half-logarithms. Then \textit{S.-i. Kobayashi} [Invent. Math. 152, No. 1, 1--36 (2003; Zbl 1047.11105)] has constructed two modified Selmer groups \(\mathrm{Sel}^{\pm}\) and has formulated a pair of main conjectures: each of Pollack's \(L_p^{\pm}(E,X)\) should generate the characteristic ideal of the Pontryagin dual of \(\mathrm{Sel}^{\pm}\). In this paper the author allows the case \(a_p \not=0\) as well (but note that the Hasse-Weil bound \(|a_p| \leq 2 \sqrt p\) then forces \(p=2\) or \(p=3\), and the former case is excluded in the last section of the paper, where the main conjecture is formulated). The key construction is that of two Coleman maps \(\mathrm{Col}^{\sharp}\) and \(\mathrm{Col}^{\flat}\) which generalize Kobayashi's Coleman maps. These send \textit{K. Kato}'s zeta elements [Astérisque 295, 117--290 (2004; Zbl 1142.11336)] to new \(p\)-adic \(L\)-functions \(L_p^{\sharp}(E,X)\) and \(L_p^{\flat}(E,X)\) which generalize Pollack's \(p\)-adic \(L\)-functions. At least one of these two is nonzero, and conjecturally both are. Now let \(p\) be an odd prime. The main conjecture then asserts that \(L_p^{\sharp}(E,X)\) and \(L_p^{\flat}(E,X)\) (when nonzero) generate the characteristic ideals of the Pontryagin dual of two modified Selmer groups \(\mathrm{Sel}^{\sharp}(E / \mathbb Q_{\infty})\) and \(\mathrm{Sel}^{\flat}(E / \mathbb Q_{\infty})\), respectively. When \(E\) does not have complex multiplication, and the \(p\)-adic representation \(Gal(\overline{\mathbb Q} / \mathbb Q) \rightarrow GL_{\mathbb Z_p}(T)\) on the automorphism group of the \(p\)-adic Tate module \(T\) is surjective, then the divisibility statement \[ (L_p^{\ast}(E,X)) \subseteq \mathrm{char}((\mathrm{Sel}^{\ast}(E/\mathbb Q_{\infty})^{\vee}) \] is proven, where \(\ast \in \{\sharp, \flat \}\) so that \(L_p^{\ast}(E,X) \not= 0\). For an application on the asymptotic growth of the \(p\)-primary component of the Shafarevich-Tate group in the cyclotomic tower see \textit{F. Sprung} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 681, 199--218 (2013; Zbl 1288.11060)].
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    elliptic curve
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    supersingular prime
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    Iwasawa main conjecture
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