On the spectrum of Bargmann-Toeplitz operators with symbols of a variable sign (Q415772)

Let \(F^2\) be the Fock space, i.e., the Hilbert space of entire functions \(f\), such that \[ \int_{\mathbb C} |f(z)|^2e^{-|z|^2}\,m(dz)=\|f\|^2_{F^2}<\infty. \] Let \(P\) be the orthogonal projection in \(L^2(\mathbb{C}, e^{-|z|^2}\,m(dz))\) onto \(F^2\). For a bounded, Lebesgue measurable, compactly supported and real-valued function \(V\) on the plane, the Bargmann-Toeplitz operator \(T_V\) on \(F^2\) is defined as \[ T_V f=PVf, \qquad f\in F^2. \] The operator \(T_V\) is compact and self-adjoint. The object of study in the present paper is the number (finite or infinite) of positive and negative eigenvalues of \(T_V\) for compactly supported symbols \(V\) of variable sign, and their asymptotics. The main purpose of the paper is to show, by means of two extreme examples, that the behavior of the eigenvalues is determined by the geometry of the sets supp \(V_-\) and supp \(V_+\). For instance, if the former is ``locked inside'' the latter, then the number of negative eigenvalues is finite. At the other extreme, when these sets are ``well separated'', there are infinitely many of both positive and negative eigenvalues. In this case, the authors establish some asymptotic bounds for the eigenvalues. The results obtained above are applied to the perturbed Landau Hamiltonians, i.e., the two-dimensional Schrödinger operators with a constant homogeneous magnetic field.