Unitary similarity of matrices with simple eigenvalues (Q416863)

Matrices \(A, B \in M_n(\mathbb{C})\) are unitarily similar if there exists an unitary matrix \(U\) such that \(B=UAU^*\). This paper deals with the verification of matrices for unitary similarity. Based on other authors' works concerning this problem, a basic approach consists of constructing a canonical form of matrices with respect to unitary similarity transformations. This work is developed in the context of this approach. Given an arbitrary matrix without multiple eigenvalues, the author constructs a finite family of unitarily similar matrices for it (this family is called canonical). Whether or not two matrices are unitarily similar can be answered by verifying the intersection of their corresponding families. This method for unitary similarity verification has an explicit algorithmic form and it is stable with respect to errors for the set of matrices with simple eigenvalues.