Properties of the resolvent of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on the two-dimensional sphere and a trace formula (Q416865)

This paper studies the eigenvalues of the operator \(L=L_0 +V\) in \(L^2(S^2)\), where \(S^2\) is the unit two-dimensional sphere. Here, \(L_0\) is the Laplace-Beltrami operator and \(V\) is the operator of multiplication by a function \(v(\omega)\in W^2_1(S^2)\). Let \(\mu_n^{(k)}, k = -n,\dots,0, 1,\dots,n\) be eigenvalues of the operator \(L\) corresponding to the eigenvalues \(\lambda_n=n(n+1)\) of the operator \(L_0\). The main result of the paper is the formula \[ \sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty \sum\limits_{k=-n}^{k=n} [\mu_n^{(k)} -n(n+1)-c_0]=2c_1 . \] The numbers \(c_0\) and \(c_1\) are explicitly computed in terms of the function \(v(\omega)\). For the case \(v(\omega)\in C^3(S^2)\), the same formula was proved in [\textit{V. A. Sadovnichii} and \textit{Z. Yu. Fazullin}, Math. Notes 77, No. 3, 400--413 (2005); translation from Mat. Zametki 77, No. 3, 434--448 (2005; Zbl 1088.47037)]. The proof is based on the investigation of the properties of the unperturbed resolvent \((L_0-z)^{-1}\).