On the interpolation of discontinuous functions (Q420772)

For \(K\subset\mathbb{N}\) let \(\delta_{+}(K):=\limsup_{n\rightarrow \infty}\,n^{-1}\left| K\cap\{1,2,\dots,n\}\right| \) be the upper density of \(K.\) The index of convergence of a sequence \((x_{n})_{n\geq1}\) in \(\mathbb{R}\) to a real number \(L\) is defined by \(i(x_{n},L):=1-\sup_{\varepsilon>0}\delta_{+}(\{n\in\mathbb{N} \left| x_{n}\in(-\infty,L-\varepsilon]\right. \cap[ L+\varepsilon ,+\infty)\})\). For \(A\subset\mathbb{R}\) the index of convergence of \((x_{n})_{n\geq1}\) relatively to \(A\) is defined by the expression \(i(x_{n} ;A):=1-\sup_{\varepsilon>0}\delta_{+}(\{n\in\mathbb{N}\left| x_{n}\notin A+[-\varepsilon,+\varepsilon])\right. .\) Some properties concerning these notions are presented in Propositions 2.6, 2.7 and 2.9. The index of convergence is useful in the description of some phenomena in interpolation theory at points of discontinuity of the first kind. For example, the authors study the behavior of the sequence of Lagrange operators for the class of functions having a finite number of points of discontinuity of the first kind in \([-1,1]\) when the nods of interpolation are the roots of Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind and of the second kind. The behavior of the sequence of Shepard operators for bounded functions which have a finite number of points of discontinuity of the first kind and are continuous elsewhere on \([0,1]\) are also studied.