No label defined (Q4220124)

[For the entire collection see Zbl 0877.00009.] This well-written article is an extended version of the author's lecture at the 10th Siberian School. The results are given without proofs, but there are many references and definitions. In the first part, the author discusses some applications of superalgebras to the nilpotency problem of nonassociative algebras, to studying identities of varieties of free algebras, and to constructing the theory of the structure of varieties. It is shown that the structure of a variety \(M\) significantly depends on the structure of the prime \(M\)-superalgebras and their identities. Several examples are given of some known algebraic problems solved by application of superalgebras (proofs are either only sketched or omitted). In the second part, some known results are given on the structure of prime associative, alternative, and Jordan superalgebras. The simple associative, alternative and Jordan superalgebras are described (under the corresponding restrictions on the base field) and the main results are given on the structure theory of varieties of associative and alternative algebras. The article is concluded with some open questions of the structure theory of varieties of alternative and Jordan algebras.